4.4 How humans have an impact on Coastal Lanscape and Managment of Erosion along The Holderness Coast Flashcards
What are the ways that human activity can increase erosion along our coasts?
Industry
Agriculture
Coastal management
Development
What is a direct impact?
Something that is caused by humans.
What is an indirect impact?
Something caused as a result of a direct impact.
Explain how the direct impact for industry affects the Holderness coastline.
- Easington gas works increases the weight on the cliff increasing rotational slumping.
- Sand was dredged from the beach and sea to build up the height of the gas works. This has increased the height of the wave, making them more destructive.
Explain how the direct impact for agriculture affects the Holderness coastline.
- Tunstall farm is not protected in any way, this has caused it to be eroding 2m a year.
- When the farmer ploughs the farm it exposes the soil and rock to rain, weathering and mass movement.
Explain how the direct impact for coastal managment affects the Holderness coastline.
- Mappleton is protected from erosion by the construction of groynes, this has sped up erosion further down the coastline in Great Cowden.
Explain how the direct impact for devlopment affects the Holderness coastline.
Bridlington built a harbour and dredged sediment, negatively affecting the stability of the cliffs which have collapsed more. The boats and run-off from the land has polluted the water quality more in the area.
What are the properties of Bridlington?
- 35,000 people live there.
- Operational fishing community.
- Area offers tourism opportunities and recreational water sports.
What are the properties of Mappleton?
- 50 properties.
- Village subject to 2m erosion per year.
- The access road is 50m from the cliff edge at the closest point.
What are the properties of Great Cowden?
- Mainly farmland and caravan parks.
- No coastal defences - suffers due to management to defend Mappleton.
What are the properties of Easington?
- One of six main gas terminals that supplies about 25% of all of Britain’s gas supply.
- Important infrastructure.
How do people decide what areas to protect along the coastline?
By doing a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA).
Why and what is done to protect Bridlington?
It has a large population with tourism and fishing income and it is protected by sea walls and groynes.
Why and what is done to protect Mappleton?
It has 50 properties and it is protected by revetments and groynes
Why and what is done to protect Great Cowden?
Farmland and caravan parks, nothing is done to protect this area.
Why and what is done to protect Easington?
One of the Uk’s main gas terminals - 25% of all Britain’s gas supply, dredging and rock armour.
When is an engineering scheme built?
When the benefits outweigh the costs.
When is an engineering scheme not built?
When the costs outweigh the benefits.
