4.4 genetic diversity and adaption

Question 1

what is genetic diversity

Answer 1

number of different alleles in a population
- enables natural selection and evolution to occur

Question 2

what increases genetic diversity

Answer 2

migration of a new population
new mutilations in DNA

Question 3

what does a genetic bottleneck do

Answer 3

reduce genetic diversity
- event occurs that leads to large number of organisms dying so offspring have less diversity

Question 4

what does natural selection do

Answer 4

results in species becoming better adapted to their environment overtime

Question 5

process of natural selection

Answer 5

1. random mutilations result in new alleles of genes
2. individuals may have an allele that gives them a better chance of survival
3. these individuals are more likely to survive and pass on their genes
4. frequency of advantageous allele increases
5. results in population being better adapted for environment overtime

Question 6

anatomical adaption

Answer 6

structure of organisms body changes

Question 7

physiological adaption

Answer 7

process inside organisms body changes

Question 8

behavioural adaptions

Answer 8

organisms act in a way that increases their chance at survival

Question 9

two types of natural selection

Answer 9

directional selection
stabilising selection

Question 10

when does directional selection occur

Answer 10

when individuals with an extreme characteristic are more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 11

when does stabilising selection occur

Answer 11

when individuals with moderate characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce