4.1 DNA genes and chromosomes

Question 1

difference between DNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Answer 1

eukaryotes - linear, associated with proteins, contained in nuclear membrane
prokaryotes - circular, not associated with proteins, not in a membrane

Question 2

what shape is DNA in mitochondria and chloroplast

Answer 2

circular

Question 3

what is a gene

Answer 3

sequence of DNA that can code for amino acid sequence of a polypeptide

Question 4

what do genes that don’t code for a protein code for

Answer 4

RNA (tRNA or rRNA)

Question 5

three parts of the genetic code

Answer 5

universal
degenerate
non overlapping

Question 6

what does universal mean (genetic code)

Answer 6

the same base sequence codes for the same amino acid in different organisms

Question 7

what does degenerate mean (genetic code)

Answer 7

some amino acids are coded for by more than one base sequence

Question 8

what does non overlapping mean

Answer 8

base triplets don’t overlap or share their bases

Question 9

what is a locus

Answer 9

gênes postion on a chromosome

Question 10

what is a non coding sequence

Answer 10

introns

Question 11

what is the coding sequence

Answer 11

exons