4.3 - The Living Primates Flashcards
what are prosimians
not monkeys or apes
modern primate taxonomy
What are the two suborders
strepsitthini and haplorrhini
What is 2 subfamilies of strepsirrhini
lemurs, lorises
superfamilies of haplorrhini
tarsiers, monkeys, apes, humans
What are two families of Hominoidea
hylobatidae, hominidae
prosimians traits that they share
- not large brain, more nocturnal, more smell, ‘less complex’, dental comb, grooming claws
lemurs
- diurnal mostly
- more social than lorises
- groups
- fruit
lorises
- nocturnal
- solitary
- insects, fruit
- vocal and scent markings
- slow moving
tarsiers
- small
- meat eaters
- night/nocturnal
- monogamous pairs
jump dispersals
ex: accidental rafting
what are the new world monkeys
platyrrhine - flat nose
1. small bodies
2. all arboreal
3. three premolars
- some have prehensile tails
do old world monkeys have prehensile tails
no
Old world monkeys traits that new doesn’t have
- greater size range
- greater degree of sexual dimorphism
- ischial callosities - calluses on rumps
Gibbon trait
- range in size
- rainforest canopies
- leaves and fruit
- vocal, monogamous pairs
- brachiation, short thumbs
where to find orangutans
- sumatra 2 species
- borneo 1 species
orangutans
- solitary
- large
- sexual dimorphism
- fat pockets for men
two species of gorillas
west - lowlands
eastern
western gorilla
western lowland and cross river gorilla
eastern gorillas
eastern lowland gorilla
mountain gorilla
What are the biggest living primate
gorillas
regular chimps
- different environments
- communities built off mother child
- male dominant
- area, defence
- sexual dimorphism
- diverse diet
difference between regular chimps and bonobos
- bonobos smaller
- bonobos less sexually dimorphic
- more bipedal
- less aggressive
- dominated by females
- hypersexual behaviour
what kind of bipeds are chimps and bonobos
habitual or facultative
