43 Social Thinking Flashcards
Ksana insists that her boyfriend’s car accident resulted from his carelessness. Her explanation for the accident provides an example of
a dispositional attribution
Marilyn judges her professor’s strict class attendance policy to be an indication of his overcontrolling personality rather than a necessity dictated by the limited number of class sessions in a course that meets only once a week. Her judgment best illustrates
the fundamental attribution error
Compared with central route persuasion, peripheral route persuasion tends to
occur more rapidly
Bart complied with his friends’ request to join them in smashing decorative pumpkins early one Halloween evening. Later that night, he was surprised by his own failure to resist their pressures to throw eggs at passing police cars. Bart’s experience best illustrates the
foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of
role playing on attitude change
Caitlin concluded that her husband was late for dinner because he was caught in heavy traffic. Her conclusion best illustrates
a situational attribution
The fundamental attribution error involves
underestimating situational constraints on another’s behavior
Central route persuasion is most likely when people
are naturally analytical
The participants in Philip Zimbardo’s simulated prison study
were so endangered by their role-playing experience that the study was discontinued.
Professor Stewart wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the student’s abilities?
cognitive dissonance theory
Fundamental attribution error: when judging others, we tend to overestimate __________ attributes and underestimate __________ attributes.
Disposition; situational
Fundamental attribution error:
More likely to assign situational attributions to our own behavior and dispositional attribution to others.
dispositional attribution:
Internal to the person (drugs because lazy)
Situational attribution
External to the person (drugs because rough life)
normative pressures:
We want to belong (avoid rejection, gain social approval)
