4.3 chemical groups and functioning of biological molecules

Question 1

how do molecules vary

Answer 1

on a hydrocarbon backbone, different atom groups and atoms can replace the hydrogens

Question 2

is some, different chemical groups affect the molecule’s shape

in some, the chemical groups affect molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions-these chemical groups are AKA:

Answer 2

functional groups

Question 3

7 chemical groups most important in biological processes

Answer 3

1 hydroxyl
2 carbonyl
3 carboxyl
4 amino 
5 sulfhydryl
6 phosphate
7 methyl

Question 4

1 hydroxyl
2 carbonyl
3 carboxyl
4 amino 
5 sulfhydryl
6 phosphate 
are all:

Answer 4

functional groups,
hydrophilic,
and increase the solubility of organic compounds in water

Question 5

methyl is

Answer 5

nonreactive

and acts as a recognizable tag on biological molecules

Question 6

see page 64 for the 7 biologically important chemical groups

Answer 6

see page 64 for the 7 biologically important chemical groups