43 alt fragen

Question 1

Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis. como empieza. enzima importante.

Answer 1

Starts with activated ribose, aspartate, ATP, CO2, hydrogen carbonate, and NH3. The key steps involve forming carbamoyl phosphate, adding aspartate, and converting it into UMP through a series of reactions.
Enzyma imp: aspartate transcarbamoylasa

Question 2

What is the pacemaker reaction in the de novo synthesis of purine bases and which enzyme catalyzes this
reaction?

Answer 2

Glutamine phosphoribosyl amidotransferase.
PRPP+Glutamine→5-Phosphoribosylamine+Glutamate+PPi
(añadir un glutamina al prpp, para formar phosphoribosylamina.)

Question 3

Building blocks of the synthesis of adenylate (AMP) from IMP?

Answer 3

1. stating point: Inosin monofosfato
2. aspartato y gtp
   1.IMP reacts with aspartate in the presence of GTP to form adenylosuccinate.
3. Adenylosuccinate is then converted to AMP.
   enzimas: adenylosuccinato sinthethaasa-
   adenylosuccinato lyasa

Question 4

Building blocks of the synthesis of guanylate (GMP) from IMP?

Answer 4

1. IMP–> XMP+GLu–> GMP
   ennz: IMP dehydrogenase. GMP synthetase. water y NAD

Question 5

What does the term “suicide inhibition” mean in the synthesis of thymidylate?

Answer 5

Inhibitory mechanism in enzymes, in which the enzyme converts a substrate into its own irreversible inhibitor.Fluorouracil inhibits thymidylate synthaseby forcing it into a form in which a normal reaction process is no longer
possible.

Question 6

Which enzyme plays an important role in the breakdown of adenosine to inosine and which disease
results in a defect in this enzyme?

Answer 6

Adenosine deaminase ADA is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine to inosine. causa immunological dysfunctions:
“Severe combined immunodeficiency ( SCID)” (se pierden las celulas T)
enfermedad niño burbuja

Question 7

Chemical classification according to side chains:

Answer 7

Acidic AA: Glutamic acid, aspartic acid
Basic AA: Lysine, Arginine, Histidine
Polare neutrale AS: Serin, Asparagin, Glutamin
Unpolare hydrophobe AS: Phenylalanine, Alanine, Proline

Question 8

componentes de la piruvato deshirogenasa

Answer 8

enzima - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Component (E1)
- Dihydrolipoyl-Transacetylase (E2)
- Dihydrolipoyl-Dehydrogenase (E3)

coenzima- TPP: involved in decarboxylation reaction
- Lipoic acid, CoA: carrier of the acetyl group
- FAD, NAD: Electron transporters

Question 9

What does “recycling” of purine bases mean and why does recycling take place? (+1 example)