(42B) Epilepsy in Kids

Question 1

type of seizures that may be induced with hyperventilation

Answer 1

absence (generalized)

Question 2

how are absence seizures different from complex partial?

Answer 2

Absence: usually starts in childhood, rare auras, no post-ictal phase, generalized EEG

Complex partial: any age onset, usually has aura

Question 3

most common type of childhood seizure

Answer 3

febrile

**must rule out meningitis

Question 4

simple vs complex febrile seizures

Answer 4

simple: isolated generalized, brief
complex: multiple, focal, prolonged

Question 5

when is neuroimaging not recommended for what type of seizure in kids

Answer 5

FIRST simple febrile seizure

Question 6

at risk for hippocampal injury and abnormalities in hippocampas development

Answer 6

febrile status epilepticus

Question 7

febrile status epilepticus is assc with infection with what ?

Answer 7

HHV 6 and 7

Question 8

what is the defn of epilepsy

Answer 8

multiple UNPROVOKED seizures separated by MORE than 24 hrs

Question 9

infantile spasms are usually flexor or extensor contractions

Answer 9

flexor

Question 10

infantile spam characteristic EEG pattern

Answer 10

hypsarrythmia (high voltage, chaotic activity, looks the same if you hold it upside down)
–high amplitude delta waves

Question 11

What is west syndrome?

Answer 11

triad of

1. iinfantile spasms
2. hypsarrhthmia
3. developmental arrest/regression

Question 12

Treatment for infantile spasms that is bolded

Answer 12

ACTH

Question 13

triad characteristic of lennox-gastaut

Answer 13

1. tonic, atypical absence, and atonic seizures
2. slowing of mental development
3. slow spike wave on EEG (1.5-2.5 Hz)

*LIFE LONG CONDITION

Question 14

how is atypical absence seizure different than absence seizure

Answer 14

atypical last longer, generalized 1.5-2.5 Hz spike, decreased intelligence

Question 15

life long seizure syndrome that is usually difficult to control

Answer 15

lennox-gastaut

Question 16

5 yo with absence seizures multiple times a day (3 hz discharges)

Answer 16

childhood absence seizure epilepsy (CAE)

Question 17

prognosis of CAE

Answer 17

it is benign condition that only needs Tx for 2-3 years

Question 18

type of seizures typically seen in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 18

tonic-clonic, myoclonic, absence

Question 19

what is the onset of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 19

adolecence

Question 20

describe the myoclonic jerks seen in JME

Answer 20

highest frequency in the morning and the pt is conscious the entire time so they are aware of then

Question 21

Is neuroimaging used to Dx JME

Answer 21

no, it is nml

Question 22

etiology of JME

Answer 22

hereditary–on chomosome 6

Question 23

what is the prognosis of JME

Answer 23

life long treatment

Question 24

partial epilepsy in which epileptiform discharges arise form the lower Rolandic area of the brain

Answer 24

benign rolandic epilepsy

Question 25

what is the most specific type of seizure seen eith benign rolandinc epilepsy? what is the most common?

Answer 25

specific = facial motor seizures
common = noctournal generalized tonic-clonic seizures

Question 26

what is the characteristic EEG finding for BRE

Answer 26

central-temporal spikes