4.2.9 protection of species & habitats Flashcards
1
Q
CITES
A
convention on international trade in endangered species
2
Q
countryside stewardship scheme
A
scheme to encourage farmers & other landowners to manage parts of their land in a way which promotes conservation
3
Q
describe CITES
A
- convention of international trade in endangered species of wild fauna & flora (CITES)
- international agreement by majority of govs. worldwide
- 1st agreed in 1973
- overall aim = ensure international trade in specimens of wildlife doesn’t threaten their survival
- 25000+ species of plant/animals have been identified as being at risk from international trade
4
Q
aims of CITES
A
- regulate/monitor international trade in selected species of plant/animals
- ensure international trade doesn’t endanger survival of populations in wild
- ensure trade in wild plants for commercial purposes is prohibited
- ensure trade in artificially propagated plants is allowed (subject to permit)
- ensure some slightly less endangered species may be traded subject to permit, as agreed between exporting/importing countries
5
Q
describe rio convention on biological diversity
A
- convention on biological diversity signed by 150 gov. leaders at 1992 rio eart summit
- convention dedicated to promoting sustainable development
- recognises biological diversity is more about plants, animals. microorganisms & their ecosytems
- also about people & need for secure sources for food, medicines, fresh air, water, shelter & clean/healthy environment to live
5
Q
aims of rio convention on biological diversity
A
- conservation of biological diversity
- sustainable use of components
- appropriate shared access to genetic resources
- appropriate sharing/transfer of scientific knowledge & technologies
- fair/equitable sharing of benefits arising out of use of genetic resources
6
Q
what does the rio convention on biological diversity encourage
A
- cooperation between countries & states
- each partner to develop a national strategy for conservation & sustainable use of biological diversity
- states partner states must adopt ex sit conservation facilities to compliment in situ measures
7
Q
what does international cooperation involve
A
sharing of research, genetic information & technology
8
Q
role of zoos - international cooperation
A
- breeding programmes strengthened by importing animals from parks/zoos abroad
- diff. wildlife parks/zoos specialise in breeding diff. animals & hold ‘studbooks’ for species for world zoo community
- time, expense & distress to animals reduced by importing genetic material eg. transporting sperm/eggs/embryos & using artificial insemination/vitro fertilisation
- research & technology shared between member states to improve chances of success
- reintroduction of animals bred in zoos will fail unless cooperation from countries where animals reintroduced
- wildlife reserves with suitable protection for animals/plants essential for successful reintroduction
9
Q
role of botanic gardens/seed banks - international cooperation
A
- plant breeding programmes enhanced by sharing stored specimens
- kew millennium seed bank has partner projects in about 50 countries in world
- partners duplicate collections in case of unforeseen disaster
- level of sharing between partners seen in statistics of millennium seed back –> database contains hundreds of thousands of records available to other projects
10
Q
describe the countryside stewardship scheme
A
- introduced to england in 1991
- applied to land that wasn’t considered an environmentally sensitive area
- payments made to farmers & other land managers to enhance & conserve english landscapes
- grants available for capital works eg. hedge laying, planting & repairing dry-stone walls
11
Q
aims of the countryside stewardship scheme
A
- improve natural beauty/diversity of countryside
- enhance, restore & re-create targeted landscapes, their wildlife habitats & historical features
- improve opportunities for public access
12
Q
what was the countryside stewardship scheme replaced by in 2005
A
environmental stewardship scheme
13
Q
describe the environmental stewardship scheme
A
- provides funding to famers/other land managers in england to deliver effective environmental management to their land
- aim = provide funding & advice to help land managers conserve, enhance & promote countryside
14
Q
how is the environmental stewardship scheme aiming to help land managers conserve, enhance & promote the countryside
A
- looking after wildlife, species & habitat
- ensuring land well managed & retains traditional character
- protect historic features & natural resources
- ensure traditional livestock & crops are conserved
- provide opportunities for people to visit & learn about countryside
