4.2.4 Bulk and surface properties of matter including nanoparticles Flashcards
What is nanoscience?
Nanoscience refers to structures that are 1–100 nm in size, approximately a few hundred atoms.
What are nanoparticles, and how do they compare to fine and coarse particles?
Nanoparticles are smaller than fine particles (PM2.5), which have diameters of 100–2500 nm (1 × 10⁻⁷ m to 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ m). Coarse particles (PM10) have diameters between 1 × 10⁻⁵ m and 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ m and are often called dust.
How does the surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles change as their size decreases?
When the side of a cube decreases by a factor of 10, the surface area to volume ratio increases by a factor of 10.
Why do nanoparticles have unique properties compared to bulk materials?
Nanoparticles have a high surface area to volume ratio, which can give them different properties and make smaller quantities more effective.
What are some applications of nanoparticles?
Nanoparticles are used in:
- Medicine.
- Electronics.
- Cosmetics and sun creams.
- Deodorants.
- Catalysts.
Why are nanoparticulate materials an important area of research?
New applications for nanoparticulate materials are constantly being developed, making this a growing field of study.
What should students be able to do regarding nanoparticles and their uses?
Students should:
- Compare nano dimensions with atomic and molecular dimensions.
- Evaluate the use of nanoparticles for specific purposes using provided information.
- Explain the potential risks of nanoparticles.
What risks are associated with nanoparticles?
There are possible risks linked to the use of nanoparticles, but specific examples are not required to be memorized.
Why is the surface area to volume ratio important for nanoparticles?
A high surface area to volume ratio means nanoparticles can be more effective with smaller amounts compared to bulk materials.
