4.1.1 Specific Immune Response

Question 1

Neutrophil?

Answer 1

Multilobed nucleus; can squeeze out of blood vessels and into tissue fluid; manufactured in bone marrow; lots of lysosomes

Question 2

Phagocyte?

Answer 2

Any type of white blood cell that can perform phagocytosis

Question 3

Macrophages?

Answer 3

Large nucleus; travel in the blood when they are a monocyte; made in bone marrow; known as monocytes before maturity

Question 4

T-lymphocytes?

Answer 4

Made in the mature thymus gland and bone marrow

Question 5

Cell mediated response?

Answer 5

Response to a changed body cell, eg infected / mutated / antigen presenting (body) cells

Question 6

First stage of cell mediated response?

Answer 6

The phagocyte displays antigens on its surface in a glycoprotein / antigen complex or a MHC (major histocompatibility complex) in macrophages; it becomes antigen presenting

Question 7

Stage 2 of cell mediated response?

Answer 7

A T cell with the specific shaped receptors for the antigen binds to the presented antigen

Question 8

Stage 3 of cell mediated response?

Answer 8

The T cell is cloned by mitosis to create many clones with the same surface receptor

Question 9

What do clones of T cells develop into? (4)

Answer 9

T memory cells, produce interleukins that stimulate phagocytosis, produce interleukins that stimulate B cells to divide, develop into T killer cells

Question 10

B lymphocytes?

Answer 10

B lymphocytes produce antibodies; made in and mature in bone marrow; respond to pathogens outside cells and antigen presenting cells; specific response