4.1 - Non-Specific Defences

Question 1

what 2 things can non-specific defences be?

Answer 1

physical and chemical

Question 2

what type of barrier are epithelial cells?

Answer 2

physical

Question 3

what can specialised cells produce? why do they do this?

Answer 3

chemical secretions, such as acid me mucus to hell prevent infection

Question 4

what does the inflammatory response do in relation to damages?

Answer 4

they release histamine by mast cells, which causes vasodilation and increased capillary permeability

Question 5

what does increased blood flow and release of cytokines do?

Answer 5

accumulation of phagocytes and delivery of antimicrobial proteins during and clotting elements to the site of infection

Question 6

what are phagocytes and Natural Killer Cells?

Answer 6

white blood cells that release cytokines, which stimulate the specific immune response

Question 7

what do phagocytes recognise?

Answer 7

surface antigen molecules on pathogens and destroy them by phagocytes

Question 8

what is apoptosis?

Answer 8

the advantageous self-destruction or infected cells

Question 9

what do NK cells do?

Answer 9

induced cells infected my virus to produce self-destruct enzymes during apoptosis