4.1 learning through classical conditioning

Question 1

classical conditioning

Answer 1

Acquiring a new response (the conditioned response) to a previously neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus) that reliably signals the arrival of an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 2

reflex

Answer 2

A stimulus-response pair in which the stimulus (the unconditioned stimulus) automatically elicits the response (the unconditioned response).

Question 3

unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Answer 3

The stimulus in a reflex that automatically elicits an unconditioned response.

Question 4

unconditioned response (UCR)

Answer 4

the response in a reflex that is automatically elicited by the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 5

neutral stimulus (NS)

Answer 5

A stimulus that does not naturally elicit the

to-be-conditioned response in classical conditioning.

Question 6

conditioned stimulus (CS)

Answer 6

The stimulus that comes to elicit a new response (the conditioned response) in classical conditioning.

Question 7

conditioned response (CR)

Answer 7

The response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning.

Question 8

delayed conditioning

Answer 8

A classical conditioning procedure in which the conditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned stimulus and remains present until after the unconditioned stimulus is presented so that the two stimuli occur together.

Question 9

trace conditioning

Answer 9

A classical conditioning procedure in which the conditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned stimulus but is removed before the unconditioned stimulus is presented so that the two stimuli do not occur together.

Question 10

evaluative classical conditioning

Answer 10

Changes in the liking of a stimulus that result from pairing that stimulus with other positive or negative stimuli.

Question 11

acquisition
(in classical conditioning)

Answer 11

Acquiring a new response (the conditioned response) to the conditioned stimulus.

Question 12

extinction
(in classical conditioning)

Answer 12

The diminishing of the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus no longer follows the conditioned stimulus.

Question 13

spontaneous recovery
(in classical conditioning)

Answer 13

A partial recovery in strength of the conditioned response following a break during extinction training.

Question 14

stimulus generalization
(in classical conditioning)

Answer 14

The elicitation of the conditioned response to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus. The more similar the stimulus is to the conditioned stimulus, the stronger the response.

Question 15

stimulus discrimination
(in classical conditioning)

Answer 15

the elicitation of the conditioned response only by the conditioned stimulus or only by a small set of highly similar stimuli that includes the conditioned stimulus.