4.1 Kinetics Flashcards
What must happen in order for a reaction to happen?
The reactant particles must collide with each other with sufficient energy
What is the definition of activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy that colliding particles need to cause a reaction
What does [X] represent?
The concentration of X in moldm-3
What is zero order?
when the concentration of a reactant has no effect on the initial rate
What is first order?
When doubling the concentration causes the rate to also double
What is second order?
When doubling the concentration causes the rate to quadruple
How can the overall order of a reaction be determined?
By the sum of all the individual orders
How is the order of a reaction worked out?
By inspecting a table of experimental data or by plotting an appropriate graph
What is K?
The rate constant
What is the rate constant?
the constant of proportionality in the rate equation
What is the equation for working out rate?
Rate = k[A]^x [B]^y
What is the definition of the rate of a reaction?
The rate of a reaction is the decrease in concentration of reactants per unit of time, or the increase in concentration of products per unit of time
What are the units for rate?
moldm-3s-1
How is the value of the rate constant worked out?
The rate constant can be worked out using experimental data
What happens to the rate constant when temperature increases?
The rate constant also increases. This is due to the rate of reaction increasing due to the higher levels of particle energy
What is the effect of a catalyst on the rate constant?
Catalysts increase the rate constant. The rate constant may also decrease in an enzyme-catalysed reaction due to the enzyme denaturing past a certain temperature
What does the rate of reaction depend on?
The rate determining step
What happens when a reagent has order 0?
It is not included in the rate determining step
What happens to the steps after the rate determining step?
They are not included in the rate equation
