4.1 Basics of the CNS Flashcards
What does ectoderm become?
Nervous system
What does mesoderm become?
Muscles
What does endoderm become?
Gut tube
What helps prevent neural tube defects?
Folic acid
What does the neural tube go on to make and what is the relevance of this?
Brain and spinal cord
Hollow
What is emergence?
Complex behaviour emerges from interactions of individual simple units
What are the basic components of the CNS?
Cerebral hemispheres
Brainstem and cerebellum
Spinal cord
What are the basic components of the PNS?
Dorsal and ventral roots
Spinal nerves
Peripheral nerves
What anatomical terminology is used for the superior part of the brain and why?
Dorsal
Brain flexes at level of midbrain
What is another word for midbrain?
Mesencephalon
What does the midbrain do?
Eye movements
Reflex responses to sound and vision
What does the pons do?
Feeding
Sleep
What does the medulla do?
Cardiovascular and respiratory centres
Contains major motor pathway (medullary pyramids)
Define sulci
Groove or furrow in brain separating adjacent sulci
Define gyrus
A ridge or fold in the brain
Define fissure
A large crack or split between adjacent large areas in the brain
Function of frontal lobe
Higher cognition
Motor function
Speech
Function of parietal lobe
Sensation
Spatial awareness
Function of temporal lobe
Memory
Smell
Hearing
Function of occipital lobe
Vision
Function of cerebellum
Coordination
Motor learning
What is the optic chiasm?
Site where fibres in the visual system cross over
What is the uncut?
Part of the temporal lobe that can herniate, compressing part of midbrain
What are the medullary pyramids?
Location of descending motor fibres
