4.1

Question 1

aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 1

a process that uses oxygen to get energy from organic compounds

Question 2

in the absence of oxygen:

Answer 2

1. alcoholic fermentation (yeast)

2. (lactic acid fermentation (humans)

Question 3

What happens during cellular respiration?

Answer 3

1. glucose is oxidized

2. oxygen is reduced

Question 4

goals of cellular respiration

Answer 4

1. break 6-C glucose down and release 6 molecules of carbon dioxide
2. move glucose e- to oxygen and combine with H+ ions to form 6 molecules of water

Question 5

What are the 4 major stages and where do they happen?

Answer 5

1. Glycolysis (cytoplasm)
2. Oxidative decarboxylation ( aka pyruvate oxidation) (mitochondrial matrix)
3. KREBS Cycle (mitochondrial matrix)
4. E- transport chain (aka oxidative phosphorylation/OXPHOS) (inner mitochondrial matrix)

Question 6

when an enzyme transfers phosphates to ADP, thus producing ATP and another product

Answer 6

substate level phosphorylation

Question 7

glycolysis

Answer 7

the lysing or breaking down of glucose molecules

Question 8

glucose (6C) is broken down into 2 pyruvate molecules

Answer 8

glycolysis

Question 9

Investment and pay-off

Answer 9

2 major phases of glycolysis

Question 10

ATP is used to split up the molecule (steps 1-5)

Answer 10

Investment phase

Question 11

ATP and NADH are produced (steps 6-10)

Answer 11

Pay-off phase

Question 12

NAD+

Answer 12

oxidized form

Question 13

NADH-

Answer 13

reduced form