41-60 Flashcards
- Casablanca Conference
- A meeting between Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill (without Joseph Stalin) in Casablanca, Morocco.
Significance: The Allies planned the next phase of World War II, including the invasion of Italy, intensified bombing of Germany, and the doctrine of “unconditional surrender” for Axis powers.
- Tehran Conference
- A wartime meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin in Tehran, Iran.
Significance: It marked the first “Big Three” summit, where they coordinated the final push against Nazi Germany, including the D-Day invasion plans and Soviet commitment to enter the war against Japan.
- Cairo Declaration
- A statement issued by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Chiang Kai-shek in Cairo, Egypt.
Significance: It declared that Japan would be stripped of its occupied territories and that Korea would become independent, laying the groundwork for post-war Asia.
- Percentages Agreement
- A secret agreement between Churchill and Stalin dividing Eastern Europe into spheres of influence.
Significance: It shaped post-war Europe, allowing the Soviet Union to dominate Eastern Europe while Western allies influenced Greece.
- Yalta Conference
- A summit between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin in Yalta, Crimea.
Significance: It set post-war plans, including the division of Germany, Soviet entry into the Pacific War, and the creation of the United Nations.
- United Nations
- An international organization founded to promote peace, security, and cooperation.
Significance: Replaced the League of Nations, helping to prevent conflicts, support human rights, and foster international relations.
- General Assembly (UN)
- The main deliberative body of the UN where all member states have equal representation.
Significance: It passes resolutions, elects members to the Securitv Council, and discusses global issue
- Security Council
- A 15-member UN body responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
Significance: It can authorize military actions, impose sanctions, and has five permanent members (U.S., U.K., France, China, Russia) with veto power.
- Potsdam Conference
- A meeting between Truman, Churchill (later Attlee), and Stalin in Potsdam, Germany.
Significance: It finalized Germany’s division, demanded Japan’s unconditional surrender, and heightened tensions leading to the Cold War.
- August 6 and 9, 1945
- The dates when the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima (Aug 6) and Nagasaki (Aug 9).
Significance: These bombings led to Japan’s surrender and the end of World War II but also ushered in the nuclear age.
- RCAF (royal canadian air force)
- Canada’s air force, active in World War II and beyond.
Significance: Played a key role in bombing campaigns over Europe and anti-submarine patrols in the Atlantic.
- Mediterranean Campaign
- A series of military operations in North Africa, Italy, and surrounding regions.
Significance: It weakened Axis forces, opened a front against Italy, and diverted German resources from the Eastern Front.
- Dieppe Raid
- A failed Allied assault on the German-occupied port of Dieppe, France.
Significance: A disaster for Canadian troops, but provided valuable lessons for the D-Day invasion.
- Juno Beach
- The landing site for Canadian forces during D-Day (June 6, 1944).
Significance: Canadian troops successfully secured the beach, playing a crucial role in liberating France.
- Quebecois
- French-speaking people from Quebec, Canada.
Significance: Central to Canada’s cultural and political identity, with strong movements for autonomy and independence.
- Vichy government (1940-1944)
- A Nazi-aligned puppet regime in France led by Marshal Pétain.
Significance: Collaborated with Germany, deported Jews, and was overthrown by the Free French forces.
- Anti- Semitism
- Prejudice, hatred, or discrimination against Jewish people.
Significance: Led to the Holocaust during World War Il and remains a global issue today.
- Conscription Crisis (canada, 1944)
- A political and social conflict over mandatory military service.
Significance: Caused major tensions between
English and French Canadians, as Quebec strongly opposed conscription.
- Brazilian Expeditionary Force
- A Brazilian military unit that fought in World War Il in Italy.
Significance: The only Latin American force to fight in Europe, contributing to the Allied victory.
- Aguilas Aztecas
- Mexican pilots from the 201st Fighter Squadron who fought in World War II.
Significance: Part of Mexico’s contribution to the war, they fought in the Pacific Theater alongside U.S. forces.
