4.1 Flashcards
what genetic theory influenced policies
eugenics
what is eugenics
selective breeding of human population by sterilization to improve population
what is an example of eugenics
hitler killed 200,000 disabled people/steralised 400,000
why did nazis want to kill the disabled
they linked them to criminality,vagrancy,alcoholism,unemployment
why did lombrosos theory encourage eugenics
he provided the theory to eliminate reproductive opportunities
what individualistic theory influenced policy
psychoanalysis
what is psychoanalysis
treatment based on freuds theory which brings unconscious conflicts into the conscious mind to be resolved
what are negatives of psychoanalysis
it is very lengthy,people may not want to participate,difficult to complete,expensive
what was the name of the centre for youth offenders
alchorn
what was the success rate for psychoanalysis
44% vs 72% in hospital
what is token economies
prisoners were given tokens for good behaviour which could be traded into rewards
what was the success rate of token economies
it worked in prison but once they were released it stopped working
what is some negatives of token economies
short term effect,usa withholds food/drink which is a human right removed
what is aversion therapy
applied to offenders to try and associate the bad act with a shock
what is the success rate of aversion therapy
not very good in long term and rare in short term
what is cbt
cognitive behavioural therapy aims to change attitudes
what are 2 examples of cbt
think first aims to teach problem solving,decision making
aggression replacement training aims to role play sessions to control emotions
what is a strength of cbt
lower re offending rate
what sociological theory influences policies
penal population,punitive laws,custodial sentences,zero tolerance policy,restorative justice,cctv
what is penal populism
media driven political process where they strive to impost tougher sentences on offenders
what are punitive laws
damages after an offence higher than the damage done to teach a lesson
what is zero tolerance policy
when a force punishes an offence no matter how severe
what is the success rate of ztp
very small affect 1 study found a reduction in crime and 1 found an increase in
what is restorative justice
when the victim and offender are brought together to try and discuss the conflict
where is restorative justice used
schools,workplaces,hospitals,criminal justice system
