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criminology > 4.1 > Flashcards

4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

what genetic theory influenced policies

A

eugenics

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2
Q

what is eugenics

A

selective breeding of human population by sterilization to improve population

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3
Q

what is an example of eugenics

A

hitler killed 200,000 disabled people/steralised 400,000

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4
Q

why did nazis want to kill the disabled

A

they linked them to criminality,vagrancy,alcoholism,unemployment

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5
Q

why did lombrosos theory encourage eugenics

A

he provided the theory to eliminate reproductive opportunities

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6
Q

what individualistic theory influenced policy

A

psychoanalysis

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7
Q

what is psychoanalysis

A

treatment based on freuds theory which brings unconscious conflicts into the conscious mind to be resolved

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8
Q

what are negatives of psychoanalysis

A

it is very lengthy,people may not want to participate,difficult to complete,expensive

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9
Q

what was the name of the centre for youth offenders

A

alchorn

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10
Q

what was the success rate for psychoanalysis

A

44% vs 72% in hospital

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11
Q

what is token economies

A

prisoners were given tokens for good behaviour which could be traded into rewards

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12
Q

what was the success rate of token economies

A

it worked in prison but once they were released it stopped working

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13
Q

what is some negatives of token economies

A

short term effect,usa withholds food/drink which is a human right removed

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14
Q

what is aversion therapy

A

applied to offenders to try and associate the bad act with a shock

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15
Q

what is the success rate of aversion therapy

A

not very good in long term and rare in short term

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16
Q

what is cbt

A

cognitive behavioural therapy aims to change attitudes

17
Q

what are 2 examples of cbt

A

think first aims to teach problem solving,decision making

aggression replacement training aims to role play sessions to control emotions

18
Q

what is a strength of cbt

A

lower re offending rate

19
Q

what sociological theory influences policies

A

penal population,punitive laws,custodial sentences,zero tolerance policy,restorative justice,cctv

20
Q

what is penal populism

A

media driven political process where they strive to impost tougher sentences on offenders

21
Q

what are punitive laws

A

damages after an offence higher than the damage done to teach a lesson

22
Q

what is zero tolerance policy

A

when a force punishes an offence no matter how severe

23
Q

what is the success rate of ztp

A

very small affect 1 study found a reduction in crime and 1 found an increase in

24
Q

what is restorative justice

A

when the victim and offender are brought together to try and discuss the conflict

25
Q

where is restorative justice used

A

schools,workplaces,hospitals,criminal justice system

criminology (9 decks)

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