400 Exam 4 - Part 2 Flashcards
What is the most common complication of valvular heart disease?
Heart Failure;
• Which of the following disorders is also known as Barlow’s Syndrome?
Mitral Valve Prolapse
• What is the most common cause of mitral regurgitation/heart failure in developing countries?
Rheumatic Fever;
inflammatory d/o that occurs after untreated strep throat
it affects the heart valves
o Narrowing of the valve lumen
impeded blood flow through the valve
valvular stenosis
o Stretching of the valve leaflet into the atrium during systole
valve prolapse
• Occurs when the mitral valve leaflets prolapse backward in the left atrium during ventricular systole
most common valvular disorder in the US
mitral valve prolapse
mitral valve prolapse AKA
barlow’s syndrome
mitral valve prolapse is most common in ____ ____.
young women
sx of mitral valve prolapse
o Usually produces no symptoms o Dysrhythmias o Tachycardia o Light-headedness o Syncope o Fatigue o Lethargy o Weakness o Dyspnea o Chest Tightness o Hyperventilation, Anxiety, Depression, Panic Attacks, Typical Chest Pain
mitral valve prolapse is at risk for ____ ____.
embolic stroke
what will be heard with mitral valve prolapse
“click and murmur”
education with mitral valve prolapse
1st degree relatives need EKG
avoid alcohol/cafeine
good oral hygiene
no piercings/tattoos
Occurs when the mitral valve fails to completely close during ventricular systole, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation occurs more in ____.
men
causes of mitral regurgitation
endocarditis
CAD
dilated cardiomyopathy
congenital malformation
sx of mitral regurgitation
primary sx of HF: dyspnea, fatigue, weakness
primary symptoms of mitral regurgitation
progressive dyspnea on exertion
pulmonar edema
do not have fatigue
CO remains sufficient
diagnosis of mitral regurgitation by
blowing, high-pitched systolic murmur
Impedes blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle during ventricular diastole (ventricular filling)
mitral stenosis
40% of individuals with rheumatic heart disease develop ______ _____.
mitral stenosis
mitral stenosis patients are at an increased for _____ _____
cardiac dysrhythmias
50% of patients with mitral stenosis develop ____ _____.
A. Fib
sx of mitral stenosis:
Fatigue
Weakness Dyspnea on exertion Dry cough or wheezing Orthopnea Nocturnal dyspnea Hemoptysis Repeated respiratory infections Ascites Chest pain Palpitations Diastolic murmur