40 – Rehabilitation II Flashcards
Range of motion
- *Achieving normal joint motion is important in rehab plans
- Abnormal range of motion can result in abnormal locomotion
How can you measure joint range of motion?
- Goniometer
What are the 3 types of range of motion exercises?
- Passive range of motion
- Active-assisted range of motion
- Active range of motion
Passive range of motion
- Therapist puts the joint through its pain free ROM
- Does NOT prevent muscle atrophy or help build strength or muscle mass
Active assisted range of motion
- Usually done by pinching toes to elicit withdrawal reflex
- Helps prevent muscle atrophy
Active range of motion
- Patient moves their own joint through range of motion unassisted
- Helps prevent muscle atrophy and builds muscle mass
Stretching
- Tissues taken just beyond normal ROM
- Typically held for 15-30s and repeated up to 20 times during a session
- *stretching too fast or with excessive force can damage tissues
What are the goals of massage?
- Reduce muscle spasms
- Reduce swelling
- Pain relief
- Relaxation
- Release trigger points
What are the general strategies for therapeutic exercises? (ex. with a dog with stifle OA with decreased stifle flexion)
- Think about your goal (ex. improve stifle flexion)
- Determine motion you need your patient to perform to accomplish that goal (ex. stifle flexion)
- Pick an exercise that will result in that motion (ex. walking up stairs)
Example of therapeutic exercises with a dog with ruptured cranial cruciate ligament and atrophy of quads
- Goal: improve quads strength and muscle mass
- Motion needed: stifle extension
- Exercise: sitting to standing
What are the exercises for quad/gluteal strengthening?
- Stairs
- Sit to stands
What are the forelimb strengthening exercises?
- Down to sits
- Wheelbarrow
What are some proprioception exercises?
- Assisted standing/weight shifting
- Cavelettis
What are some hip extension, core strength exercises?
- Dancing
What are some hamstring and gluteal strengthening exercise?
- Backwards walking
- Step backs
Weaves are used for
- Lateral bending of spine
- proprioception
What are some items used in therapeutic exercises?
- Therabands
- Wobble boards (ex. good for lots of animals)
- Physio ball: peanut shaped (ex. back stretch)
What can wobble boards be used for?
- Core strength
- Proprioception
Post-operative orthopedics and rehab
- Can reduce pain and edema
- Minimize muscle atrophy
- Improve range of motion, strength and endurance
- Allows controlled return to exercise
Neurologic cases and rehab
- help stimulate return of motor function
- improve proprioception and strength
- minimize muscle atrophy
- assist with gait retraining
- improve attitude
Degenerative myelopathy and rehab
- does NOT stop progression of disease, but can help maintain mobility for a longer time
- help with lifestyle adaptations to slings, carts, etc.
Soft-tissue injuries and rehab
- reduce pain
- speed healing
- improve range of motion
- improve strength
- Ex. iliopsoas strain, bicipital tenosynovitis, medial shoulder instability
Osteoarthritis and rehab
- Improve mobility, endurance and range of motion
- Decrease pain
- Reduce need for pain medication
- Help weight-loss
ICU patients and rehab
- Benefit from stretching, range of motion exercise and E-stim to help prevent muscle atrophy
- TENS can be used for analgesia
- Assisted standing and walking can help improve overall attitude
Cats
- just need to get creative, but it does work
