4. UROLITH

Question 1

stone formation requires?

Answer 1

supersaturated urine

Question 2

3 most common incidence to formation of stones

Answer 2

U-P-C

uti - prostate - calculi

Question 3

4 factors for saturation of urine

Answer 3

• acidic ph
• increased ionic strength
• solute concenration (citrate decreases)
• complexation

Question 4

theory based on calculi formation due to absence of natural stone inhibitors (citrate)

Answer 4

crystall inhibitor theory

Question 5

theory due to diet

Answer 5

nucleation theory

Question 6

risk factors for RECURRENT stone formation

Answer 6

fam hx
brushite stones
1 kidney functioning
early onset (

Question 7

rx associatied with stone formation

Answer 7

indinavir
triamterene
sulphonamides
acetazolamide

Question 8

primary abnormality/result that lead to urolith

Answer 8

urine stasis

Question 9

starts with staghorncalculi

Answer 9

struvite

Question 10

common organism for struvite

Answer 10

proteus, providencia, staph, keleb, mycoplasma, pseudodododododmonas

Question 11

Long term use of antihpn

Answer 11

Triamterene

Question 12

Dull ache due to

Answer 12

Large stones

Question 13

2nd variety of stones assoc w infection

Answer 13

CapO4

Question 14

If fever w UT obstruction

Answer 14

Decompress with catheter

Question 15

Unsuccesful retrograde catheter in septic UT obs

Answer 15

Percutaneous nephrostomy

Question 16

Effect of renointestinal reflex

Answer 16

N/v

Question 17

Period of observation (since most will pass out)

Answer 17

4-6weeks

Question 18

Size of stone pass out

Answer 18

4-5mm (50%)

Question 19

Oral alkalanizing agents

Answer 19

Bicarbonates

Citrates

Question 20

Dissolution agents cannot be used in ca stones. T/F

Answer 20

T. Di sya nadidissolve

Question 21

Indication for emergent drainage

Answer 21

Calculi with urosepsis

Question 22

Dietary dependent and is a common cause of urinary stone dse

Answer 22

Type2

Question 23

Treatment of type 2

Answer 23

Limit intake lang

Question 24

Absorptive hypercalciuria dependent on phosphate

Answer 24

Type 3

Question 25

Uric acid lithiasis occur in px w

Answer 25

Gout
Myeloprolif
Rapid weight loss
Chemodrugs

Question 26

Ph for tx of uric acid stones

Answer 26

> 6

Question 27

Medication for cystine stone

Answer 27

Pencillamine

Question 28

Firdt drug of choice for cystine stone

Answer 28

Mcpg

Question 29

Noncolicky renal pain caused by

Answer 29

Renal capsule distention