4. UROLITH Flashcards
stone formation requires?
supersaturated urine
3 most common incidence to formation of stones
U-P-C
uti - prostate - calculi
4 factors for saturation of urine
- acidic ph
- increased ionic strength
- solute concenration (citrate decreases)
- complexation
theory based on calculi formation due to absence of natural stone inhibitors (citrate)
crystall inhibitor theory
theory due to diet
nucleation theory
risk factors for RECURRENT stone formation
fam hx
brushite stones
1 kidney functioning
early onset (
rx associatied with stone formation
indinavir
triamterene
sulphonamides
acetazolamide
primary abnormality/result that lead to urolith
urine stasis
starts with staghorncalculi
struvite
common organism for struvite
proteus, providencia, staph, keleb, mycoplasma, pseudodododododmonas
Long term use of antihpn
Triamterene
Dull ache due to
Large stones
2nd variety of stones assoc w infection
CapO4
If fever w UT obstruction
Decompress with catheter
Unsuccesful retrograde catheter in septic UT obs
Percutaneous nephrostomy
Effect of renointestinal reflex
N/v
Period of observation (since most will pass out)
4-6weeks
Size of stone pass out
4-5mm (50%)
Oral alkalanizing agents
Bicarbonates
Citrates
Dissolution agents cannot be used in ca stones. T/F
T. Di sya nadidissolve
Indication for emergent drainage
Calculi with urosepsis
Dietary dependent and is a common cause of urinary stone dse
Type2
Treatment of type 2
Limit intake lang
Absorptive hypercalciuria dependent on phosphate
Type 3
Uric acid lithiasis occur in px w
Gout
Myeloprolif
Rapid weight loss
Chemodrugs
Ph for tx of uric acid stones
> 6
Medication for cystine stone
Pencillamine
Firdt drug of choice for cystine stone
Mcpg
Noncolicky renal pain caused by
Renal capsule distention
