4: The Punic Wars Flashcards
What percentage does the elite make up?
1%
Why could the fall of the empire be down to the Elite?
Competition of office Desperation for political power Military prowess Fear of Tyranny Clientship
What was the Fear of Tyranny?
an unspoken rule followed by all elites revolves around the Elites never having power over other elites.
Rome biggest conquest of Italy?
The Punic wars
Why do we not have literary sources from carthage?
They were likely destroyed in the the fall of Carthage or that they were few in number.
What was Carthage’s relationship with Rome before the punic war?
a very good relationship, often co-operating against rivals and for trade treaties
What two groups started the punic wars (1st)?
The Mamertine and Syracusans
What had the Mamertines done?
Captured and massacred Messenia
Who did Carthage agree to back?
The Mamertines
Who do Carthage end up backing?
Syracuse
Why was the Mamertimes appeal to Rome problematic according to Polybius?
Rome had illegally massacred a city, Rhenium, similar to what the Mamertimes.
Who do the Romans blame on the war?
Carthaginians
When did the Syracusans switch sides?
263 BC
Why did the Syracusans switch sides?
They made so many bad decisions (letting Rome cross to Sicily) that they were badly loosing the war.
Who was Regulus?
A Roman General, known for his stories of invading Africa and his dramatic death.
What death was assigned to Regulus?
His head being squashed by an Elephant
What ends the 1st Punic war?
In the Battle of Aegates, The Carthaginian fleet is destroyed
Does the New Treaty of 226 BC do?
Stop the Carthaginians from crossing the Egro, the new border
What cavalry is used by Hannibal in the Battle of Cannae?
Numidian, Celtic and Spanish
Who won the battle of Cannae?
Carthaginians (Hannibal)
How did the Romans win the 2nd Punic war?
The Romans allowed the Carthaginians to chase them around, tiring them out, while sending for reinforcements to fight the Carthaginians on other fronts.
What battle did Hannibal fall in?
The battle of Zama in 202 BC
Who killed Hannibal?
Scipio Africanus
How did the Romans attempt to control the Carthaginians after the 2nd world war?
Navy limited to 5 warships. Need Roman permission, to go to war. Carthage limited to Tunisia Pay Rome 10,000 talents over 50 years Provinces of Hispania Ulterior and Citerior go to Rome
How could the Carthaginians go to war for the 3rd time?
They were incredibly wealthy, as Tunisia is rich in tradable goods.
Why did the Romans start the 3rd Punic war?
They got nervous about Carthage’s growing wealth and strength
What happened in 149 BC?
Rome demanded Carthage’s weaponry and abandonment of the city. (Punic cities abandon Carthage)
Which alliance was problematic for Carthage?
Macedonian
Who lead Macedonia?
Philip V
