4 SECOND CIVIL WAR 1648 Flashcards
causes: engagement/vote of no dress
c.1 treaty with the Scots (the engagement)
vote of no dress: angered by c.1 engagement with the Scots, palriemnt passed vote of no dress, banning further negotiations with c.1> was reappeared in August by pp restored in palriment
no strong royalist party
all that took place was uncoordinated uprisings that were geographically isolated and disaptre and more anti parlimenterairn
ANTI PALRIMENT UPRISINGS
1- Canterbury uprising 1647
puritans tried to ban xmas and keep shops open, led to riots
3k men(p) besieged town and Canterbury surrendered without a fight> led to battle of maidstone resulting in royalist defeat
ANTI PALRIMENT UPRISINGS
2- revolt in Wales 1648
in south of Wales, regiments loyal to palirment under colonel Horton defeated royalist forced at st pagans, with surviving royalist scattering to castles still in their hands, Cromwell arrived from eng with reinforcement and castle walls breached, captured Pembroke castle
ANTI PALRIMENT UPRISINGS
3-revolt in kent/essex
disturbances broke out in cantebruy in response to palriment attempts to suppress> Fairfax and nma soldiers able to take maidstone and then earl of Norwich with 3k men marched to London but barred entry by London brained bands> many men deserted but he crossed to essex with 500 men(exield)
scottish engaged invasion on north west eng
Cromwell headed north to defend against scottish engagers who invaded eng> nma defeated Scots at battle of Preston, royalist surrender at colchester few days later and Cromwell pushed Scots back to home land in following months
reason for royalist defeat of scw
-antip, revolts
it was more anti palrimen than royalist, revolts that broke out in Wales England Scotland invasion was uncoordinated geographically so palrimen forces never over stretched
reasons for royalist defeat of scw
-Duke of hamlinton, Scots foreigners, Windsor prayer meeting
Duke of hamlinton was inexpneriscnes and scottish troops was poorly trained and equipped
eng Royalist still viewed Scots as foreingers
Windsor prayer meeting reunited and reenigised nma, rising moral and conforming their belif they was fighting a godly war
aftermath/concequesnes of scw
prebyetrin mps dominated - voted to reopen negations - vote of no dress
consequences/ after math of scw;
treaty of Newport ( what pp wanted to make a settlement with c.1)
this was intended to end hositleis with c.1/p, c.1 released on aprrol to newport, c.1 withdrew his declaration but insisted on no concessions until a settlement was made
army radicles was imapiton with aplriemnt when willing to allow c.1 to come to London> p purged (prides purge - trial of c.1)
summary: scw differed from first civil war:
commanders of nma was now discontent with c.1, c.1 held personally reasonable for war forced on officers
once war was over, dissection of Newport treaty:
army felt betrayed pp mp who tried to make a settlement (treaty of Newport) this resulted in purge of palriemnt- prides price and forced a more radicle agenda brining c.1 to retributive justice for his actions
