4. Runoff and Catchments

Question 1

Measurement methods of discharge

Answer 1

• Volumetric
• Current meter
• Tracer gauging
• Measurement weirs
• Ultra sonic
• Electromagnetic

Question 2

What is the objective of the stage-discharge-curve?

Answer 2

Get continuous streamflow Q from a continuous stage h observations.

Question 3

Which is the slowest runoff component?

Answer 3

base flow or groundwater flow

Question 4

What is the goal of the hydrograph separation?

Answer 4

Separation of total discharge Q
into single flow
components regarding genesis, flow paths, response time

Question 5

Continuous hydrograph separation?

Answer 5

separation of multi year hydrographs into
flow components regarding subsystems in the catchment (e.g.
for nutrient balancing or model parameter estimation)

Question 6

Waht is the Event based hydrograph separation and which methods are used?

Answer 6

separation of flood hydrograph into base flow
and direct runoff for flood modelling.
- Straight line method
- Fixed base method
- Variable slope method