(4) Respiration

Question 0

Equation

Answer 0

C6H1206 + 602 -> 6C02 + 6H20 + energy & ATP

Question 1

Types of respiration

Answer 1

Aerobic ; Req 02 produces C02, ATP & water

Anaerobic ; no 02. Produce lactate (animals) ethanol & c02 (plants) little ATP

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

B/D of fatty acids/ food mol / glucose to prod ATP which releases energy

Question 3

4 stages & where

Answer 3

Glycolysis - cytoplasm - NO 02 both an/a 2ATP
Link reaction - crossing of Mit membrane
Krebs - mit matrix
ETC - Christae of Mit

Question 4

Glycolysis Stage 1/4

Answer 4

Glucose PHOSPHORYLATED : addition of Pi
2 x Pi Hydrolysis of 2 x ATP -> 2 x ADP + 2 x Pi
ATP raises energy level - and lowers following reactions AE

Question 5

Glycolysis Stage 2/4

Answer 5

PHOSPHORYLATED glucose split into 2 x TP

Question 6

Glycolysis stage 3/4

Answer 6

TP oxidised
H removed from each TP
H transferred to carrier NAD - reduced NAD formed

Question 7

Glycolysis Stage 4/4

Answer 7

ATP production
2 x TP -> 2 x Pyruvate
Whilst, Pi & ADP combine to make ATP

Question 8

Yield from glycolysis

Answer 8

2 Mol ATP
2 Mol reduced NAD
2 Mol Pyruvate

Question 9

Link Reaction - Purpose

Answer 9

Crossing of Mit membrane

Pyruvate + NAD + coA -> AcetylCoA + reduced NAD + C02

Question 10

Changes to Pyruvate - LR

Answer 10

Decarboxylated ; (1 x C02 removed per Pyruvate)

Dehydrogenated ; 1 x H removed -> transferred to NAD = Red NAD formed

Question 11

Other changes

Answer 11

2C is formed ; combines with CoA to make AcetylCoA (2 Pyruvate so 2 AcetylCoA )
C02 from each (C) Pyruvate (2 C)

Question 12

Yield of LR

Answer 12

X

Question 13

Krebs Cycle ;

Answer 13

Matrix of Mit
AcetylCoA (2C) combine w/ (4C) -> 6C citrate
6C dehydrogenated & decarboxylated
ROLE; provide H for ETC & Energy for ATP

Question 14

Krebs cycle

Answer 14

4C & 2C combine to 6C 
6C: Citric acid loses C - 5C: 
Whilst, 2 x NAD + 2H = reduced NAD 
5C; 4C -> & 2NAD + 2H = 2NADH 
& ADP + Pi -> ATP = substrate level phosphorylation
FAD + H -> FADH 
NAD + H -> NADH 
& cycle repeats

Question 15

LR & Krebs cycle Yield

Answer 15

Reduced FAD - produce ATP
Reduced NAD - produce ATP
1 Mol ATP
3 mol c02

2 Pyruvate so twice !

Question 16

Importance of KREBS cycle

Answer 16

Breaks MM into smaller ; PYRUVATE - c02
Produces H carried by NAD to ETC -> leads to production of ATP
Regenerates 4C ; to combine with AcetylCoA -> O/W accumulate
Source of intermediate compounds