4 RESISTANCE EXERCISE Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS RESISTANCE EXERCISE?

A

The modality assists patients and clients with gaining strength, power and endurance and improving function.

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2
Q

MUSCLE STRENGTH

A

Ability of the muscle/ group to produce tension and resulting force in one maximal effort.

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3
Q

MUSCLE POWER

A

Rate of performing muscle contractions over a distance for a specific time.

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4
Q

MUSCLE ENDURANCE

A

The ability of the muscle/group to sustain the contraction repeatedly over some time.

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5
Q

TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS (3)

A

Isometric (constant length)
Isotonic (constant tension)
Isokinetic (constant speed)

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6
Q

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION

A

Static movement, generate tension, no change in muscle length or join angle.

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7
Q

ISOTONIC CONTRACTION

A

Concentric: shortening contraction.
Eccentric: lengthening contraction.

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8
Q

ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION

A

Dynamic movement, muscle contracts at a fixed speed with resistance.

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9
Q

PURPOSE OF EXERCISE

A

Increase strength, endurance, power, and aerobic fitness.

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10
Q

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS:
A. FACTORS AFFECTING STRENGTH OF MUSCLE

A
  1. Cross-sectional size of muscle.
  2. Length-tension relationship.
  3. Recruitment of motor units.
  4. Type of muscle contraction.
  5. Speed of contraction.
  6. Motivation of the client.
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11
Q

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS:
B. OVERLOAD PRINCIPLE

A

To strengthen a muscle, it must be stressed beyond its metabolic capacity.

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12
Q

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS:
C. ENDURANCE

A

Ability to produce repeated contractions.

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13
Q

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS:
E. EXERCISE TRAINING PRINCIPLES

A

Dosage: specific to patient goals.
Method.
Repetitions.
Sets.
Duration.
Frequency.
Volume.
Rest intervals.
Intensity.
Specificity

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14
Q

OPEN KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISE

A

Activities/exercises that are performed when the distal end is free to move.

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15
Q

CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISE

A

Activities/exercises that require the distal end to be fixed.

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16
Q

MUSCLE GRADING

A

Normal 5: full ROM against gravity, strong resistance.
Good 4: full ROM against, moderate resistance.
Fair 3: full ROM against gravity, no resistance.
Poor 2: full ROM gravity eliminated, no resistance.
Trace 1: no movement, palpable muscle contraction.
Zero 0: no palpable muscle contraction.

17
Q

TYPES OF RESISTANCE (2)

A

Manual: resistance by provider.
Mechanical: uses of equipment or machines.

18
Q

PRECAUTIONS FOR RESISTIVE EXERCISE

A
  1. Cardiovascular.
  2. Fatigue.
  3. Recovery form fatigue.
  4. Overwork.
  5. Osteoporosis.
  6. Substitute motions (cheating)
  7. Muscle soreness associated with exercise.
19
Q

DOMS

A

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness.
More pronounced after eccentric exercise, or a new exercise.

20
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS TO ISOTONIC EXERCISE

A

Post surgery.
Fracture.
Inflammation of muscle or joint.
Pain.

21
Q

PNF

A

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation.
Maximal demands to obtain maximum potential.

22
Q

UE PNF PATTERNS

A

D1 Flexion: hand by side going across body upwards. \
D1 Extension: hand starts across the body upwards, then pushing down across to the side again. \
D2 Flexion: pulling a sword. /
D2 Extension: putting sword back on hip. /