4. Personality Disorders Flashcards
What are the criteria for personality disorder? CAPRI
- Cognition
- Affect
- Personal Relations
- Impulse control
What are cluster A? (3)
- schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid
- pt seems eccentric, peculiar, or withdrawn
- familial association w/ psychotic disorders
What are cluster B? (4)
- antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
- pts seem emotional, dramatic, impulsive or inconsistent
- familial association w/ mood disorders
What are cluster C? (3)
- avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive
- pt seem anxious or fearful
- familial association w/ anxiety disorders
What are characteristics of paranoid personality disorder? (PDD)
- pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others
- often interpret motives as malevolent
- “pathologically jealous” (ex. think their sexual partners are cheating on them)
What is the difference b/w avoidant personality disorder and schizoid PD?
Schizoid PD PREFER to be alone - no desire for close relationships
Avoidant = these pts DESIRE companionship but are extremely shy and easily injured (intense fear of rejection)
What is schizotypal personality disorder?
pervasive pattern of eccentric behavior and peculiar thought patterns
“strange” and “eccentric”
What’s the difference b/w schizotypal PD and schizophrenia?
Schizotypal PD pts are not frankly psychotic (though they can become transiently so under stress), nor do they have fixed delusions
Schizotypal PD prognosis?
may eventually develop schiz; it’s a premorbid personality type for pt w/ schiz
Symptoms of antisocial PD? (CONDUCT)
- capriciousness
- oppressive
- non-confrontational
- deceitful
- unlawful
- carefree
- temper
Best tx choice for antisocial PD?
- dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and behavioral therapy
- psychotherapy ineffective
Symptoms of borderline PD? (IMPULSIVE)
- impulsive
- moody
- paranoid under stress
- unstable self-image
- labile, intense relationships
- suicidal
- inappropriate anger
- vulnerable to abandonment
- emptiness
What is the defense mechanism used by borderline pts?
Splitting = where they view others as all good or all bad
ex. “you are the only doctor who has ever helped me. every doctor I met before you was horrible”
Which personality disorder is pharmacotherapy most useful in?
borderline (to treat psychotic or depressive symptoms)
What is the defense mechanism used by histrionic pts?
Regression = revert to childlike behaviors
Difference b/w histrionic pts and borderline?
borderline pts more likely to suffer from depression, brief psychotic episodes, and attempted suicide. histrionic pts generally more functional
Symptoms of avoidant PD? (AFRAID)
- Avoids occupation w/ others
- Fear of embarrassment and criticism
- Reserved unless they are certain that they are liked
- Always thinking rejection
- Isolates from relationships
- Distances self unless certain that they are liked
Social phobia (social anxiety disorder) vs. avoidant PD?
- social phobia = fear of embarrassment in a PARTICULAR setting (ex. speaking in public)
- avoidant = OVERALL fear of rejection and sense of inadequacy
Symptoms of dependent personality disorder? OBEDIENT
- Obsessive about approval
- Bound by others decisions
- Enterprises are rarely initiated due to lack of self-confidence
- Difficult to make own decisions
- Invalid feelings while alone
- Engrossed w/ fears of self-reliance
- Needs to be in a relationship
- Tentative abt decisions
Which gender is more likely to have dependent PD?
women
Difference b/w dependent PD and borderline or histrionic PD?
- dependent PD usually have long-lasting relationship w/ ONE person on whom they are dependent
- borderline and histrionic are often dependent on other ppl, but UNABLE to maintain a long-lasting relationship
Which gender is more likely to have obsessive compulsive PD?
Men
Difference b/w OCPD and OCD?
OCD = do NOT have recurrent obsessions/compulsions
- they are aware they have a problem and wish their thoughts and behaviors would go away
- “ego-dystonic”
OCPD = “ego-syntonic”
