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Neuro > (4) Motor Control & Motor Learning > Flashcards

(4) Motor Control & Motor Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Why understand motor control & motor learning as a physio?

A

Retraining motor control problems is vital to improve the quality of movement & function

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2
Q

What is motor control?

A

The ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement

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3
Q

What is involved in motor control?

A

interaction between the individual, the task and the environment

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4
Q

What are the factors associated with the task during motor control?

A
  • Mobility
  • Stability
  • Manipulation
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5
Q

What are the factors associated with the individual during motor control?

A
  • Action
  • Perception
  • Cognition
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6
Q

What are the factors associated with the environment during motor control?

A
  • Regulatory
  • Nonregulatory
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7
Q

What are the theories of motor control?

A
  • Reflex
  • Hierarchical
  • Motor programming model
  • Bernstein’s Systems Theory
  • Ecological Theory
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8
Q

What is the reflex theory of motor control?

A
  • reflexes work together or in a sequence for common purpose
  • complex behaviour explained through chain of individual reflexes
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9
Q

What is the hierarchical theory in motor control?

A
  • organisational control that is top down
  • each level exerts control of level below
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10
Q

What is the motor programming model in motor control?

A

Retraining movements are important for functional tasks, not just muscles working

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11
Q

What is the Bernstein’s systems theory in motor control?

A

involves all systems involved in motor control (movements)

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12
Q

What is the ecological theory in motor control?

A

individual actively exploring the task & environment

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13
Q

What are the different clinical applications of Motor Control Theory?

A
  • Neurofacilitation approaches
  • Task orientated approaches
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14
Q

What is involved in the neurofacilitation approaches during the application of Motor Control Theory

A
  • Roods approach (tone)
  • Bobath concept (mvmt & postural control)
  • Brunnstorm
  • PNF
  • Sensory integration
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15
Q

What is involved in the task orientated approaches during the application of Motor Control Theory

A
  • Motor learning approach
  • Systems approach
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16
Q

What is motor learning?

A

understanding the acquisition and/or modification of skilled action

17
Q

What is motor relearning?

A

reacquisition of motor skills or movement lost due to injury

18
Q

What are the forms of motor learning?

A
  • Declarative learning
  • Procedural Learning
19
Q

What is declarative learning?

A

mentally practicing a movement or a sequence (learning skill)

20
Q

What is procedural learning?

A

no attention or conscious thought (skill practiced)

21
Q

What are the two forms of long term memory?

A
  • Explicit (declarative)
  • Implicit (nondeclarative)
22
Q

What are Fitts & Posner’s stages of motor learning?

A

Stage 1: Early or Cognitive
Stage 2: Intermediate or Associative
Stage 3: Autonomous

23
Q

What’s the focus on Bernstein’s approach to motor learning?

A

emphasis on controlling the degrees of freedom (dof) of the body segments

24
Q

What are the three stages of Bernstein’s approach to motor learning?

A

1st stage: simplify mvmt, restrict dof
2nd stage: expand dof
3rd stage: dof released, use of more passive forces to increase efficiency

25
Q

What are Gentiles two stage model of motor learning?

A

1st stage: minimal environment variation, consistent mvmt pattern
2nd stage: changing environment conditions, mvmt diversification

26
Q

What are the therapeutic applications of motor learning?

A
  • Practice levels
  • Practice conditions
  • Feedback
27
Q

What are some feedback considerations for motor learning?

A
  • verbal vs manual vs visual
  • frequency
  • timing
  • bandwidth (only when falls outside certain correctness)
28
Q

What is involved in Ax for therapeutic applications?

A
  • observation
  • functional tasks
  • neurological Ax
  • factors impacting motor learning
29
Q

What is involved in the intervention for therapeutic applications?

A
  • task orientated approach
  • functional mvmt
  • intensity
  • exercise variety
  • feedback
  • patient customised
  • real life objects & environment
  • progressive
  • functional goals

Neuro (11 decks)

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