4 Motion Dynamics

Question 1

Motion has 3 characteristics

Answer 1

Direction (flexion, extension, sidebending, rotation)

Range (measurements in degrees)

Quality (smooth, ratcheting, restricted, etc)

Question 2

End Feel of ROM

Different types and descriptions

Answer 2

Elastic - rubber band

Abrupt - OA or hinge joint

Hard - SD

Empty - stops due to guarding (not allow motion due to pain)

Crisp - involuntary muscle guarding due to pinched nerve

Question 3

Flexibility

Static

Dynamic

Stiffness

Answer 3

ROM in joint/group of joints; ability to move joints effectivley through a complete ROM

Maximal ROM a joint can achieve with an externally applied force

ROM person can produce and speed at which they can produce it

Reduced ROM of a joint or group of joints

Question 4

ROM - Spine

Concept of Coupled Motion

Function

Functional Unit

Segment with greatest motion

Answer 4

Motion along one axis, with another motion along a second axis. Principle motion not produced w/o associated motion

Serve to protect spinal cord while providing basic support axis for upper body

Two vertebrae, associated disc, neurovascular, and other soft tissues

Cervical Spine

Question 5

Linkage

What is it?

What happens when you link structures together?

Answer 5

• Relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures
  
  • Linking multiple structures together increases ROM

Question 6

How can motion be tested?

Answer 6

At one segment or globally to include surrounding segments or regions