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Kines 2 Exam 1 > 4] Lumbar Spine > Flashcards

4] Lumbar Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Lumbar spine have what kind of body to do what?

A

Large vertebral body to support compressive loads

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2
Q

Big or small intervertebral foramen?

A

Large

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3
Q

Facet joints of lumbar are in what plane?

A

Sagittal

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4
Q

Facets in lumbar spine favor?

A

Flexion and extension

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5
Q

Vertebral foramen size increase with?

Decrease with?

A

Increase with flexion and decrease with extension

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6
Q

Significance of vertebral foramen

A

Affects nerve root compression

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7
Q

For people with spinal stenosis, you want to do what?

A

Increase foramen size so flexion

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8
Q

Coupled motions in lumbar spine in FLEXION

A

Lateral flexion and rotation ipsilateral

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9
Q

Coupled motion of lumbar spine in extension or neutral ?

A

Lateral flexion and rotation happen in OPPOSITE (contralateral) directions

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10
Q

Which segments have the largest amount of flexion and rotation?

A

L2-L3

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11
Q

In neutral, if you have limited R side bending, what other motion is limited?

A

Left rotation

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12
Q

Collagen fibers in lumbar are how many degrees and how are they layered?

A

120 degrees and layered in opposite direction

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13
Q

How does nutrition work in the discs?

A

Increased loading during the day makes you lose fluid. Then when you go to sleep at night, spine is relaxed, no compression so the fluids and nutrients return to the disc.

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14
Q

In flexion the disc goes?

A

Posterior

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15
Q

In extension the disc goes ?

A

Anterior

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16
Q

Lumbosacral is where and usually how many degrees?

A

Between L5 and S1 and 30 degrees

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17
Q

Mechanics of lumbosacral angle

A

Increased angle –> increased lordosis –> increase shear

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18
Q

Lordosis is what mechanism in the pelvis?

A

Anterior pelvic tilt

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19
Q

For shear force to be greater than compression, how many degrees?

A

More than 45 degrees greater than compression force

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20
Q

Deep layer muscles lie in what reference to AoR and what does it mean?

A

Deep layer muscles are closer to AoR so LESS shear and MORE compression

21
Q

Superficial layer muscles in lumbar do what?

A

Prime movers

22
Q

Stabilizing corset

A

Thoracolumbar fascia

23
Q

What tightens the fascia?

A

Transversus abdominis

24
Q

What applies tension on spinous process?

A

Hip extensors

25
Q

What produces cross brace/tension

A

Glute ax and contralateral lats

26
Q

What would you work on to stabilize the spine?

A

Lats

27
Q

Anterior hoop muscles are?

A

Rectus abdominis
External obliques
Internal obliques
Transversus abdominis

28
Q

Function of anterior hoop muscles

A

Control SIJ and stabilize since theyre attached to pelvis

29
Q

NORMAL lumbopelvic rhythm actions?

A

Flexion of lumbar spine then anterior pelvic tilt.

Return is posterior pelvic tilt then lumbar extension.

30
Q

What would be an abnormal lumbopelvic rhythm?

A

For flexion if they do the pelvic anterior tilt first and THEN do lumbar flexion

31
Q

Majority of compression occurs?

A

80% Interbody joints

32
Q

20% of compression occurs at

A

Facets

33
Q

What will increase facet compression?

A

Going into lordosis (anterior pelvic tilt)

34
Q

Shear is limited by?

A

Facets

35
Q

This muscle acts on individual segments

A

Mutifidi

36
Q

Quadratus lumborum action

A

Ipsi flexion

Contra eccentric control

37
Q

What is Spondylolisthesis?

A

Spinal disorder in which a vertebra slips forward onto the bone below it

38
Q

With spondylo.. what happens to foramen?

A

Decrease in size

39
Q

This ligament is strong and prevents anterior shear

A

Iliolumbar ligament

40
Q

Iliolumbar is loaded in ?

A

Flexion

41
Q

Iliolumbar lig resists ?

A

Movement of L5 on S1

42
Q

With forward bending of the lumbar spine, compression is where and tension is where?

A

Tension is on Posterior ligaments, muscles and disc.

Compression is on anterior disc.

43
Q

A mechanism to increase the stability of the lumbar spine

A

Co-contraction of flexors and extensors

44
Q

What is more important for stability in lumbar spine?

A

Endurance

45
Q

What else can u do abdominal wise to increase lumbar stability?

A

Increase the pressure by creating extension moment or a stiff structure around spine

46
Q

Least amount of pressure in spine

A

Supine

47
Q

Most amount of pressure in spine

A

Holding 50N at arms length

48
Q

What’s less stressful: standing or unsupported sitting?

A

Standing

Kines 2 Exam 1 (5 decks)

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