4] Lumbar Spine

Question 1

Lumbar spine have what kind of body to do what?

Answer 1

Large vertebral body to support compressive loads

Question 2

Big or small intervertebral foramen?

Answer 2

Large

Question 3

Facet joints of lumbar are in what plane?

Answer 3

Sagittal

Question 4

Facets in lumbar spine favor?

Answer 4

Flexion and extension

Question 5

Vertebral foramen size increase with?

Decrease with?

Answer 5

Increase with flexion and decrease with extension

Question 6

Significance of vertebral foramen

Answer 6

Affects nerve root compression

Question 7

For people with spinal stenosis, you want to do what?

Answer 7

Increase foramen size so flexion

Question 8

Coupled motions in lumbar spine in FLEXION

Answer 8

Lateral flexion and rotation ipsilateral

Question 9

Coupled motion of lumbar spine in extension or neutral ?

Answer 9

Lateral flexion and rotation happen in OPPOSITE (contralateral) directions

Question 10

Which segments have the largest amount of flexion and rotation?

Answer 10

L2-L3

Question 11

In neutral, if you have limited R side bending, what other motion is limited?

Answer 11

Left rotation

Question 12

Collagen fibers in lumbar are how many degrees and how are they layered?

Answer 12

120 degrees and layered in opposite direction

Question 13

How does nutrition work in the discs?

Answer 13

Increased loading during the day makes you lose fluid. Then when you go to sleep at night, spine is relaxed, no compression so the fluids and nutrients return to the disc.

Question 14

In flexion the disc goes?

Answer 14

Posterior

Question 15

In extension the disc goes ?

Answer 15

Anterior

Question 16

Lumbosacral is where and usually how many degrees?

Answer 16

Between L5 and S1 and 30 degrees

Question 17

Mechanics of lumbosacral angle

Answer 17

Increased angle –> increased lordosis –> increase shear

Question 18

Lordosis is what mechanism in the pelvis?

Answer 18

Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 19

For shear force to be greater than compression, how many degrees?

Answer 19

More than 45 degrees greater than compression force

Question 20

Deep layer muscles lie in what reference to AoR and what does it mean?

Answer 20

Deep layer muscles are closer to AoR so LESS shear and MORE compression

Question 21

Superficial layer muscles in lumbar do what?

Answer 21

Prime movers

Question 22

Stabilizing corset

Answer 22

Thoracolumbar fascia

Question 23

What tightens the fascia?

Answer 23

Transversus abdominis

Question 24

What applies tension on spinous process?

Answer 24

Hip extensors

Question 25

What produces cross brace/tension

Answer 25

Glute ax and contralateral lats

Question 26

What would you work on to stabilize the spine?

Answer 26

Lats

Question 27

Anterior hoop muscles are?

Answer 27

Rectus abdominis External obliques Internal obliques Transversus abdominis

Question 28

Function of anterior hoop muscles

Answer 28

Control SIJ and stabilize since theyre attached to pelvis

Question 29

NORMAL lumbopelvic rhythm actions?

Answer 29

Flexion of lumbar spine then anterior pelvic tilt. | Return is posterior pelvic tilt then lumbar extension.

Question 30

What would be an abnormal lumbopelvic rhythm?

Answer 30

For flexion if they do the pelvic anterior tilt first and THEN do lumbar flexion

Question 31

Majority of compression occurs?

Answer 31

80% Interbody joints

Question 32

20% of compression occurs at

Answer 32

Facets

Question 33

What will increase facet compression?

Answer 33

Going into lordosis (anterior pelvic tilt)

Question 34

Shear is limited by?

Answer 34

Facets

Question 35

This muscle acts on individual segments

Answer 35

Mutifidi

Question 36

Quadratus lumborum action

Answer 36

Ipsi flexion | Contra eccentric control

Question 37

What is Spondylolisthesis?

Answer 37

Spinal disorder in which a vertebra slips forward onto the bone below it

Question 38

With spondylo.. what happens to foramen?

Answer 38

Decrease in size

Question 39

This ligament is strong and prevents anterior shear

Answer 39

Iliolumbar ligament

Question 40

Iliolumbar is loaded in ?

Answer 40

Flexion

Question 41

Iliolumbar lig resists ?

Answer 41

Movement of L5 on S1

Question 42

With forward bending of the lumbar spine, compression is where and tension is where?

Answer 42

Tension is on Posterior ligaments, muscles and disc. | Compression is on anterior disc.

Question 43

A mechanism to increase the stability of the lumbar spine

Answer 43

Co-contraction of flexors and extensors

Question 44

What is more important for stability in lumbar spine?

Answer 44

Endurance

Question 45

What else can u do abdominal wise to increase lumbar stability?

Answer 45

Increase the pressure by creating extension moment or a stiff structure around spine

Question 46

Least amount of pressure in spine

Answer 46

Supine

Question 47

Most amount of pressure in spine

Answer 47

Holding 50N at arms length

Question 48

What's less stressful: standing or unsupported sitting?

Answer 48

Standing