4) Lesson - Single Displacement Reactions Flashcards
Single Displacement
one element displaces another element in a compound, producing a new compound and a new element
A + BC–> AC + B
Ex: 2 Na(s) + SnCl2(aq) 🡪 2 NaCl(aq) + Sn(s)
involving a metal and an ionic compound or acid, it is always the _________ getting displaced
positive ion (cation) that is displaced in the compound
How to determine whether or not a reaction between an element and a compound will proceed,
look at the relative positions of the two metals in the activity series
If the higher (more active) metal is the element….
the reaction proceeds
If the higher metal is in the compound…
no reaction occurs.
Activity series
Most reactive:Li, K, Ba, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Cr, Cd, Fe, Co, Ni, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au Least reactive
Li–>Na displaces H cold water
Li—>Pb displaces hydrogens from acids
Acvity series memory aid
Li, - leo
K,- kissed
Ba,- bettys
Ca, - cheek
Na, - never
Mg, - minding
Al, - alexs
Zn, - zinc
Cr, - crossed
Cd, - cummed
Fe, -face
Co, - coming
Ni, - near
Sn, - steaming
Pb, - perhaps
H, - he
Cu, -could
Hg, -hand
Ag, - around
Pt, -Patrica
Au - Again
Can an non-metal do the displacing and an anionbe displaced instead of a cation?
Yes!
Cl2 + 2KI–> 2 KCL + I
A non-metal (chlorine) is doing the displacing!!
Also, the anion is being displaced instead of the cation!
Halogen Activity Series
halogen family also have their own activity series based on displacement reactions
The trend in halogen reactivity is the same as the trend in electronegativity of these elements!
Halogen Activity Series order
F- fentanyl
Cl- Clears
Br- Brents
I- Intestine
Single Displacement options
1.) metal + aqueous ionic compound
2.) metal + acid
3.) metal + water [treat was as H+(OH-) and displace H+]
4.) halogen + aqueous ionic compound containing halide
1.) metal + aqueous ionic compound
Metal must be above metal ion on activity series
2.) metal + acid
Metal must be above hydrogen on activity series
3.) metal + water [treat was as H+(OH-) and displace H+]
Metal must be one of first five on activity series
4.) halogen + aqueous ionic compound containing halide
Halogen must be above halide on activity series
