4 Enzymes

Question 1

Define Enzymes

Answer 1

Proteins that are biological catalysts.

Question 2

Explain Enzyme action

Answer 2

Enzymes have a 3D shape. Enzymes bind to substrates. Each enzyme can only bind to a substrate matches its shape. They are complementary to each other. The space in the enzyme shape which the substrate fits is called the active site. The substrate fits into the active site making an enzyme-substrate complex. Makes it easier for the bonds inside substrate to be rearranged to form products. Once product is made, they do not fit the enzyme so they are released. Enzyme can bind with another substrate.

Question 3

Explain the effect of temperature on enzymes

Answer 3

Enzymes work best at their optimum temperature. Around 37 degrees celsius for most enzymes in human body. Temperature increases kinetic energy which increases the chance of successful collisions. After optimum temperature, the enzymes start to denature, as its shape changes, no longer able to bind to substrates.

Question 4

Effect of pH on enzymes

Answer 4

Different enzymes have different optimum pHs. Both low and high pH can decrease rate of reaction.