4 Dysmorphology and Teratogens Flashcards
what is a malformation?
poor formation of tissue
- intrinsically abnormal developmental process
- likely to be genetic
what is a deformation?
unusual force on normally maturing tissue
-club foot, overlapping toes, torticollis
what is a disruption?
breakdown of normal tissue (could get an umbilical cord wrap)
what is a dysplasia?
abnormal organization of cells in tissue
what is a syndrome?
multiple anomalies thought to be pathogenically related
what is a sequence?
a casacade of effect from a single known anomaly or mechanical factor
what is a field defect
derived from the disturbance of a single developmental field which then affects the fields around it
what is association
the non-random occurrence of multiple anomalies that can not be explained by chance
what are multiple congenital anomalies?
two or more structural primary defects in 2 or more body areas / embryologically different areas
what is the difference betweem a syndrome, sequence, and association?
syndrome: genetic factors
sequence: mechanical
association: unknown
what is the piere robin sequence?
micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft -palate
what is the potter sequence?
lack of fetal urine, anhydromnios, fetal compression, pulmonary hypoplasia, death
OEIS and holoprocencephaly are examples of what?
field defect
what is vacterl?
- vertebral anomalies, anal atresio, cardiovascular, tracheoesophogeal fistula, esohpogeal atresia, renal, limb
- An Assoiation disorder (unknown cause)
in the first semester, wht affect do teratogens typically have?
malformations?
