4. CNS Histology Flashcards
The cell body is large and has a large nucleus with nissl substance/bodies (surround cell body/nucleus). Numerous dendrites extend from the cell body and an increase in them means?
increased receptive area, the dendritic spines are plastic/ can change
Long axons are covered in myelin and emerge from?
axon hillock
What is a dense network of interwoven nerve fibers and branches and synapses, working with glial fillaments? everything but cell bodies…
Neuropil
The terminal arborization is the distal end of the axon which contains collateral branches and then actual end of the axons have what which contact the postsynaptic cell?
telodendria
What transport carries material from cell body to peripery utilizing kinesin a microtubule that uses ATP?
Anterograde transport
What transport carries material from axon terminal to cell body utilizing dynein a microtubule?
retrograde transport
Slow transport is known as anterograde only and transports from cell body to terminal axon. What is fast transport?
conveys substances in both directions quickly using both antero and retrograde transport
What are the four types of neurons?
mutlipolar - single axon , dendrites
bipolar - single dendrite and axon
uni/pseudopolar - peripheral/central axons, w dendrites
anaxonic - no axon, multiple dendrites
Presynaptic terminal bouton contains mT and synaptic vesicles and release NTs into synaptic cleft. What about postsynaptic cell membrane’s content?
receptors for NT
ion channels to initiate impulse
What occurs at an axodentritic synapse?
axon synapse on dendrites to relay info
Electrical synapse permits direct passive flow of current from one neuron to another via GAP junctions. These contain what?
connexon proteins allowing diffusion of electric current flow
What are the four different types of glial cells?
astrocytes
ependymal cells
microglial cells
oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes are large number of long branching processes whose proximal regions are reinforced with what?
glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)
Astrocytes have perivascular feet that cover cappilary endothelial cells and modulate blood flow and help move nutrients wastes and other metabolites between nerurons and capillaries. What can happen after CNS injury?
astrocytic scar
oligodendricytes will enwrap axons from multiple neurons and appear as round small cells with condensed nuclei. What does it enwrap axons with?
myelin