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PDBIO210 > 4 Cartilage and Bone Tissue > Flashcards

4 Cartilage and Bone Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Bone, Blood, Cartilage, Connective Tissue Proper; loose and dense.

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2
Q

Hyaline

A

most abundant, flexibility and resilience; trachea, articular cartilage,

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3
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

thick collagen fibers, shock absorber; intervertebral discs, menisci of knee, pubic symphysis

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4
Q

Elastic

A

highly branched elastic fibers, flexibility; Epiglottis, auricle of the ear

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5
Q

Chondroblasts

A

Produce matrix of cartilage

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6
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Mature cartilage, resides in lacuna

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7
Q

Perichondrium

A

made of dense connective tissue, provides mechanical support and protection

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8
Q

Bone

A

Osseous connective tissue

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9
Q

Calcified extracellular matrix

A

Calcium phosphate

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10
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

Red bone marrow

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11
Q

Bone stores minerals and energy in…

A

calcium phosphate, yellow bone marrow

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12
Q

Epiphysis

A

ends of long bones

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13
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of long bone

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14
Q

metaphysis

A

contains the epiphyseal plate or line

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15
Q

articular cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones within joints

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16
Q

Medullary cavity

A

contains yellow marrow in adults and red marrow in children

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17
Q

Endosteum

A

layer of cells lining the spongy bone and medullary cavity

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18
Q

periosteum

A

dense CT outer covering of bone

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19
Q

perforating fibers

A

attach the periosteum to compact bone

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20
Q

Nutrient foramen

A

contains nutrient artery

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21
Q

Osteoprogenitor cells

A

stem cells derived from mesenchyme that become osteoblasts

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22
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Immature osteocytes that build bone by secreting osteoid, decreases blood calcium levels

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23
Q

Osteocytes

A

mature bone sells that maintain bone matrix, Reside in lacunae

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24
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Cells that consume bone, Phagocytic cells using hydrochloric acid and lysosomes, increase blood calcium levels.

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25
Q

Compact bone

A

cortical bone, solid, dense, lined by periosteum found superficially, contains osteons

26
Q

Spongy bone

A

cancellous or trabecular, porous, lined by Endosteum found deeper regions of bone.

27
Q

Osteon (Haversian system)

A

Basic structural and functional unit

28
Q

Central canal

A

Haversian canal

29
Q

Concentric lamellae

A

concentric rings of osseous connective tissue that surround the central canal

30
Q

Osteocytes

A

mature bone cells

31
Q

Lacunae

A

cavities which house osteocytes

32
Q

Canaliculi

A

connecting neighboring lacunae, allow nutrients minerals, gases, and wastes to travel between the central canal and osteosytes

33
Q

Perforating canals

A

connect blood and nerve supply to central canal

34
Q

Trabeculae (spongy bone)

A

main structure, forms crisscrossing bars and plates

35
Q

Intramembranous ossification

A

forms flat bones, bone growth within a membrane

36
Q

Endochondral ossification

A

bone growth within cartilage, fetal framework of hyaline cartilage into bone, formation of most bones

37
Q

Interstitial bone growth

A

length

38
Q

appositional bone growth

A

thickness

39
Q

Fracture repair

A

Hematoma forms, fibrocartilage callus forms, hard boney callus forms, bone remodeled.

40
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Rickets in children, soft bones, and leads to bowed legs…vitamin D deficiency, Calcium deficiency

41
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Excessive bone resorption, aged and post menopause

42
Q

Synarthrosis

A

immovable

43
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly movable…

44
Q

Diarthosis

A

freely movable. Di=two parts moving around

45
Q

Fibrous

A

connected by fibrous tissue

46
Q

Cartilagenous

A

connected by cartilage

47
Q

Synovial

A

contains a joint cavity

48
Q

Gomphoses

A

Fibrous joint, synarthotic, peg-in-socket, tooth root.

49
Q

Suture

A

Fibrous joint synarthrotic

50
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Fibrous joint amphiarthrotic connects ulna to radius. Syndesmosis interosseous membrane

51
Q

Synchondroses

A

Cartilagious joint, synarthrotic, bones connected by hyaline cartilage (immobile joints between the rib and its costal cartilage)

52
Q

Symphyses

A

Amphiarthrotic, bones connected by fibrocartilage, intervertebral disc, pubic symphysis

53
Q

Sprain

A

reinforcing ligaments are stretched or torn

54
Q

Torn Cartilage

A

tearing of the meniscus or articular cartilage

55
Q

Dislocation

A

bones forced out of alignment

56
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa because of a blow

57
Q

Tendonitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon or tendon sheath because of overuse

58
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

Uric acid crystals in joint cavity

59
Q

osteoarthritis

A

Chronic degenerative condition; wear and tear

60
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

autoimmune disease; chronic inflammatory disorder

61
Q

Lever System FRE

A

1st Fulcrum in the middle, 2nd is resistance in the middle, 3rd is effort in the middle.

PDBIO210 (13 decks)

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