4- Basics, Hydrocarbons, Alcohols, Haloalkanes, Analysis Flashcards
What is the stem name for one carbon
Meth-
What is the stem name for 2 carbons
Eth-
What is the stem name for 3 carbons
Prop-
What is the stem name for 4 carbons
But-
What is the stem name for 5 carbons
Pent-
What is the stem name for 6 carbons
Hex-
What is the stem name for7 carbons
Hept-
What is the stem name for 8 carbons
Oct -
Stem name for 10 carbons
Dec-
Display formula for butane
CH3CH2CH2CH3
What is the general formula
An algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds
What is the empirical formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
What is the molecular formula
The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
What is the structural formula
Shows the arrangement of atoms carbon by carbon with the attached hydrogens and functional groups
What is the skeletal formula
Shows the bonds of the carbon skeleton only, with any functional group. The hydrogen and carbon atoms aren’t shown.
What is the display formula
Shows all the atoms are arranged and all the bonds between them
What is a homologous series
An organic compound with the same functional group and similar chemical properties and general formula
Define hydrocarbon
A compound made of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
Define staurated
Has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible (around the carbon atom in a hydrocarbon)
Define unsaturated
An organic compound with a double / triple bond capable of adding subsitiuents through addition reactions
Define a functional group
An atom of group of atoms in an organic molecule, that determines its characteristic chemical and physical properties
What do consecutive members of a homologous series differ by
-CH2-
What is the general formula for alkanes.
CnH2n+2
Suffix for alkanes
-ane