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Philosophy (Q1) > 4: Aristotle > Flashcards

4: Aristotle Flashcards

1
Q

What principle does Aristotle assert must be present for a thing to undergo change?

A) External forces
B) The nature of the thing itself
C) Random chance
D) Environmental conditions

A

B) The nature of the thing itself

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2
Q

What are the two principles Aristotle discusses regarding change?

A) Form and matter
B) Actuality and potentiality
C) Essence and existence
D) Good and evil

A

B) Actuality and potentiality

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3
Q

What does the hylomorphic doctrine describe?

A) The relationship between mind and body
B) The connection between form and matter
C) The process of knowledge acquisition
D) The nature of the soul

A

B) The connection between form and matter

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4
Q

According to Aristotle, what composes a human being?

A) Body and spirit
B) Mind and emotions
C) Body and soul
D) Consciousness and identity

A

C) Body and soul

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5
Q

How does Aristotle view the relationship between the soul and the body?

A) They are separate entities.
B) The body is more important than the soul.
C) The soul forms the entelechy of the body.
D) They are completely independent.

A

C) The soul forms the entelechy of the body.

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6
Q

What does Aristotle mean by the term “tabula rasa”?

A) The mind is a blank slate at birth.
B) Knowledge is inherent from birth.
C) The body is pre-determined.
D) The soul is eternal.

A

A) The mind is a blank slate at birth.

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7
Q

In Aristotelian philosophy, what does reason connect humans to?

A) Nature
B) The Supreme Reason
C) Material wealth
D) Social norms

A

B) The Supreme Reason

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8
Q

What is the nature of Aristotle’s philosophy?

A) Empirical
B) Aesthetic
C) Teleological
D) Existential

A

C) Teleological

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9
Q

How does Aristotle define a good human being?

A) One who seeks pleasure
B) One who functions as a human person
C) One who accumulates wealth
D) One who gains fame

A

B) One who functions as a human person

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10
Q

What is the function of the human person according to Aristotle?

A) To seek pleasure
B) To achieve wealth
C) An activity of the soul following rational principles
D) To gain power

A

C) An activity of the soul following rational principles

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11
Q

What term does Aristotle use to describe happiness?

A) Euphoria
B) Eudaimonia
C) Bliss
D) Contentment

A

B) Eudaimonia

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12
Q

How does Aristotle differentiate between happiness and pleasure?

A) Happiness is temporary; pleasure is lasting.
B) Happiness is connected to existence, while pleasure is not.
C) A life devoted solely to pleasure is fit only for cattle.
D) Pleasure leads to true happiness.

A

C) A life devoted solely to pleasure is fit only for cattle.

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13
Q

What does Aristotle say about self-sufficiency?

A) It leads to loneliness.
B) It is essential for happiness.
C) It is not important.
D) It only applies to the wealthy.

A

B) It is essential for happiness.

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14
Q

How does Aristotle describe a reasonable person’s approach to life?

A) They avoid challenges.
B) They engage in life fully.
C) They focus only on contemplation.
D) They prioritize wealth.

A

B) They engage in life fully.

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15
Q

What does Aristotle claim about human beings?

A) They are independent creatures.
B) They are political (social) beings.
C) They thrive in isolation.
D) They should avoid society.

A

B) They are political (social) beings.

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16
Q

How are actions judged according to Aristotle?

A) By their pleasure
B) By their effects on others
C) By public opinion
D) By their profitability

A

B) By their effects on others

17
Q

What characterizes a morally virtuous act in Aristotle’s view?

A) Spontaneity
B) Following the Just Middle or mesotes
C) Seeking pleasure
D) Gaining wealth

A

B) Following the Just Middle or mesotes

18
Q

How does Aristotle define virtue?

A) An innate quality
B) A habitual state acquired through practice
C) A philosophical concept
D) A societal construct

A

B) A habitual state acquired through practice

19
Q

What is necessary for an action to be considered virtuous?

A) Wealthy background
B) Right intention
C) Public recognition
D) Immediate gratification

A

B) Right intention

20
Q

What role does contemplation play in Aristotle’s philosophy?

A) It is irrelevant to action.
B) It ensures actions stem from permanent disposition.
C) It distracts from real life.
D) It leads to apathy.

A

B) It ensures actions stem from permanent disposition.

21
Q

What is phronesis in Aristotle’s philosophy?

A) Theoretical knowledge
B) Practical wisdom that guides action
C) A state of contemplation
D) A form of pleasure

A

B) Practical wisdom that guides action

22
Q

How does Aristotle view the communal life of the polis?

A) As unnecessary
B) As essential for moral virtue
C) As a source of corruption
D) As secondary to individual pursuits

A

B) As essential for moral virtue

23
Q

What is the ultimate goal of human life according to Aristotle?

A) Accumulating wealth
B) Achieving eudaimonia
C) Gaining power
D) Seeking pleasure

A

B) Achieving eudaimonia

24
Q

What does Aristotle believe about the social nature of human beings?

A) They can thrive alone.
B) They are designed to live with others.
C) Social interactions are harmful.
D) They should prioritize solitude.

A

B) They are designed to live with others.

25
Q

What does Aristotle say about the happiness derived from fame and public success?

A) It is the highest form of happiness.
B) It is fleeting and does not lead to eudaimonia.
C) It is essential for a fulfilling life.
D) It is always accompanied by pleasure.

A

B) It is fleeting and does not lead to eudaimonia.

26
Q

What is the nature of a virtuous act according to Aristotle?

A) Random and unmeasured
B) A measured activity
C) Always pleasurable
D) Focused on self-interest

A

B) A measured activity

27
Q

What does Aristotle suggest about human actions?

A) They are driven by instincts.
B) They can be objectively judged as good or bad.
C) They are entirely subjective.
D) They are influenced solely by society.

A

B) They can be objectively judged as good or bad.

28
Q

What does Aristotle mean by “Just Middle” or mesotes?

A) A state of emotional balance
B) The ideal balance in moral virtue
C) A theoretical concept with no practical application
D) A measure of physical strength

A

B) The ideal balance in moral virtue

29
Q

What is the ultimate action that leads to happiness according to Aristotle?

A) Accumulating wealth
B) Engaging in virtuous activities
C) Seeking pleasure
D) Gaining public recognition

A

B) Engaging in virtuous activities

30
Q

How does Aristotle view contemplation?

A) As the lowest form of thought
B) As the highest and most perfect type of reflection
C) As a distraction from real life
D) As irrelevant to happiness

A

B) As the highest and most perfect type of reflection

Philosophy (Q1) (6 decks)

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