3: Plato Flashcards
What principle did Plato emphasize in founding the Academy?
A) Acceptance of authority
B) Rote memorization
C) Critical thinking and self-reflection
D) Physical training
C) Critical thinking and self-reflection
What is the significance of the Academy in the context of education?
A) It was the first online university.
B) It was the first university in the classical world.
C) It focused solely on arts and literature.
D) It trained military leaders.
B) It was the first university in the classical world.
What event influenced Plato’s views on justice?
A) The birth of democracy
B) The trial and death of Socrates
C) The founding of the Academy
D) The Peloponnesian War
B) The trial and death of Socrates
According to Plato, what happens when justice is detached from wisdom?
A) It leads to a virtuous society.
B) It results in a corrupt state and citizens.
C) It fosters peace and harmony.
D) It encourages philosophical inquiry.
B) It results in a corrupt state and citizens.
What philosophical reconciliation did Plato achieve?
A) Between ethics and aesthetics
B) Between Heraclitus and Parmenides
C) Between logic and rhetoric
D) Between science and philosophy
B) Between Heraclitus and Parmenides
What does Plato believe about the composition of the human person?
A) It is solely the body.
B) It consists of body and soul.
C) It is a social construct.
D) It is primarily the mind.
B) It consists of body and soul.
In Plato’s view, what is the ‘real man’?
A) The body
B) The soul
C) The mind
D) The social identity
B) The soul
What concept does Plato borrow from Pythagoras and Empedocles?
A) The concept of the body
B) The idea of the pre-existence of the soul
C) The theory of forms
D) The principle of democracy
B) The idea of the pre-existence of the soul
What does Plato argue about the body?
A) It is eternal and unchanging.
B) It is subject to change and impermanence.
C) It is more important than the soul.
D) It has no impact on the soul.
B) It is subject to change and impermanence.
Which part of the human person helps in knowing the permanent?
A) The body
B) The emotions
C) The soul
D) The intellect
C) The soul
What are the three distinct faculties of the soul according to Plato?
A) Body, mind, spirit
B) Sensation, opinion, intellect
C) Desire, reason, action
D) Emotion, cognition, will
B) Sensation, opinion, intellect
What does Plato suggest happens to the soul when it is imprisoned in the body?
A) It gains enlightenment.
B) It seeks a life of mere physical pleasure.
C) It becomes immortal.
D) It loses all connection to knowledge.
B) It seeks a life of mere physical pleasure.
What does the NOUS represent in Plato’s philosophy?
A) The physical world
B) Rational thought and intellect
C) Sensory experiences
D) Social constructs
B) Rational thought and intellect
How does Plato describe life in this world?
A) A series of random events
B) A spiritual journey back to the soul’s roots
C) A struggle for power
D) A quest for wealth
B) A spiritual journey back to the soul’s roots
What is the relationship between knowledge and virtue in Plato’s philosophy?
A) Knowledge is irrelevant to virtue.
B) Knowledge produces virtue; ignorance produces evil.
C) Virtue is independent of knowledge.
D) Only experience can lead to virtue.
B) Knowledge produces virtue; ignorance produces evil.
What does Plato mean by “learning is a form of reminiscence”?
A) Learning involves forgetting previous knowledge.
B) Learning is about recalling innate knowledge.
C) Learning requires memorization of facts.
D) Learning is a social process.
B) Learning is about recalling innate knowledge.
How can virtue be attained according to Plato?
A) Through wealth and power
B) When each part of the soul fulfills its function
C) By following societal norms
D) Through education alone
B) When each part of the soul fulfills its function
What leads to harmony in the soul?
A) Following desires
B) Each part of the soul fulfilling its function
C) Social status
D) Accumulating wealth
B) Each part of the soul fulfilling its function
What are the three classes of people in Plato’s ideal society?
A) Leaders, merchants, and laborers
B) Workers, warriors, and guardians (philosopher-kings)
C) Scholars, politicians, and farmers
D) Nobles, commoners, and slaves
B) Workers, warriors, and guardians (philosopher-kings)
What basic needs should society provide according to Plato?
A) Leisure, education, and entertainment
B) Nourishing, protection, and ordering needs
C) Wealth, fame, and power
D) Knowledge, virtue, and morality
B) Nourishing, protection, and ordering needs
What is “The Republic” primarily about?
A) A critique of democracy
B) Plato’s ideal society and types of individuals
C) The nature of art and beauty
D) The history of philosophy
B) Plato’s ideal society and types of individuals
According to Plato, what is necessary for a good life?
A) Social isolation
B) Living in a good society
C) Accumulating wealth
D) Constant pleasure
B) Living in a good society
What defines a just state according to Plato?
A) A state that follows majority opinion
B) A state that functions fully and meets essential needs
C) A state that has a strong military
D) A state that prioritizes wealth
B) A state that functions fully and meets essential needs
What is the origin of injustice in society according to Plato?
A) Lack of education
B) Imbalance in society
C) Individual greed
D) External threats
B) Imbalance in society
What happens when one part of the state tries to fulfill another part’s function?
A) The state becomes more efficient.
B) Balance is achieved.
C) Imbalance and injustice occur.
D) Peace is established.
C) Imbalance and injustice occur.
What role does reason play in achieving morality according to Plato?
A) It complicates moral decisions.
B) It overcomes bodily appetites.
C) It is irrelevant to morality.
D) It should be ignored.
B) It overcomes bodily appetites.
What does Plato argue about innate knowledge?
A) It is not possible to know anything innately.
B) Knowledge must be taught explicitly.
C) True knowledge is already within us and needs to be rediscovered.
D) All knowledge is learned through experience.
C) True knowledge is already within us and needs to be rediscovered.
What is necessary for each part of the soul to achieve virtue?
A) Independence from others
B) Fulfillment of its own function
C) Accumulation of wealth
D) Education in rhetoric
B) Fulfillment of its own function
In Plato’s view, what should guide individuals towards the good life?
A) Social pressures
B) The desires of the body
C) Rational thought and knowledge
D) Public opinion
C) Rational thought and knowledge
What does the ideal state provide to its citizens?
A) Unlimited freedom
B) Strict control
C) Basic needs and a just society
D) Wealth and power
C) Basic needs and a just society
