4/11- chapter 8 guided practice in language therapy, reinforcement & hierarchy of behaviors Flashcards
What are some other ways people are motivated?
- words of affirmation
- acts of service
- receiving gifts
- quality time
- physical touch
Kelly gives the client the reinforcement categories and takes the top 2 the client has selected and use those in her therapy sessions with them.
Review the reinforcement categories sheet Kelly shared with us.
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What is the hierarchy of behaviors ladder (gaining compliance and cooperation)?
moving up the ladder:
Spontaneous Language (high level of compliance)
Longer responses (sentences)
Open-ended questions
Forced Choice- Multiple word answers
Forced choice- 1 Word answers
Non-word sounds (uh-huh, uh-uh)
Make faces (smile if that is okay)
Nodding/Shaking head/Shrugging shoulders
Pointing (point to where you want to go, point to the person)
Follow directions- stand up, give me your pencil etc. (low level of compliance)
Review the hierarchy of behavior and compliance ladder sheet Kelly shared with us.
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What are the different types of language disorders/delays?
- Receptive delays
- Expressive delays
- Language delays as well as another disorder
- When you are looking at language therapy you will need to prioritize!
What is a narrow treatment plan?
When you are working on one thing.
What is a broad treatment plan?
For example, someone with aphasia who has many issues, we would need to prioritize.
What type of delay would you work on first/prioritize?
Typically receptive delays
What two types of therapy practices are done?
Indirect and Direct
Which therapy practice is done on an individual basis/session?
Indirect
Who does indirect therapy work for?
young children
non-verbal or essentially non-verbal
Which therapy practice is best in a naturalistic environment?
Indirect
What type of structure is indirect therapy?
Less structured
t/f
Indirect therapy is play-oriented
true
How do you conduct indirect therapy?
Based on assumption that variables observed in normally developing children are effective clinical treatment strategies for LI children.
Descriptors (seeing what the child is doing) are used for indirect therapy, what are the 2 ways of doing this?
Self-talk (what the clinician is doing)
Parallel talk (what the client is doing)
What is an expansion?
Adding to the utterance
What are extensions?
Utterance +
Not a big difference between expansion and extension. Basically you want to take their utterance (baseline) plus 1. Always move the client forward. (LISTEN AT 78:00)
What is recast?
restating what the client said with better structure, additional information changes statement type etc.
Who is direct therapy used for?
It is for clients who use verbal expression with a delay or disorder
What do you do with direct therapy?
Manipulate the environment to provide opportunities to learn language (also called contrived environments)
How do you do direct therapy?
Thematic units Play/games Picture Cards Worksheets Functional tasks
What are the goals for direct therapy?
Semantic syntactic Morphological Phonological pragmatic language
Ultimate goal is to improve communication skills, not
increase skills in isolated aspects of language.
What is semantics?
concept and word meaning (vocabulary)
What is syntax?
rules of speech
What is morphology?
units of meaning
plurals (/s/ or /z/)
possessives (/s/ or /z/)
third person singular (/s/ or /z/)
past tense (/t/ or /d/)
present progressive (/ŋ/)
What is phonology?
study of sound system
What is pragmatics?
appropriate use of language in context
How long should you wait for a response when dealing with the hierarchy of behaviors?
5-15 seconds
T/f
You can skip steps in the hierarchy of behaviors ladder if it seems to be going too slow?
False
What do you do if a child doesn’t respond to the level of hierarchy of behaviors per the ladder?
Back down the ladder until they do respond then move back up the ladder.
