3rd Quarter Chemistry Flashcards
Charcoal is ________
Wood that has been heated without oxygen
Ancient people hammered soft, pure iron from ______ into useful tools
Meteorites
True or false. The only purpose of carbon in smelting iron from its ore is so it will burn and supply heat
False. Carbon from charcoal frees iron from oxygens grip by combining with the oxygen.
Which form of iron is the purest?
Wrought iron
Cast iron is ______
Hard and brittle and can shatter if struck
Steel is quenched by _______
Heating it white hot and thrusting it into cold water
Cast iron, steel,and wrought iron differ only in the amount of _______ they contain.
Carbon
Rusting is a _________ oxidation
Slow
True or false. A tin can is made mostly of tin.
False. Mostly made of steel
What metal looks more like silver?
Pewter
True or false. Metals maintain their properties regardless of temperature
False. Tin becomes very week in the cold
What metal is more expensive, tin or aluminum?
Tin
Action
Ancient people had iron tools
Reaction
Meteorites fell to earth contains pure iron
Action
Iron resists efforts to remove it from its ore
Reaction
In a blast furnace, carbon in charcoal combined with oxygen in iron ore to free the pure metal
Action
The Scott expedition to the South Pole perished in a blizzard when their fuel cans were found empty.
Reaction
In extremely cold weather cans sealed with tin leaked their precious heating fuel
Action
Gold was the most prizes of the ancient metals
Reaction gold had a beautiful luster, did not tarnish, and could be formed into designs
Action
Gold was too soft for many purposes
Reaction. Goldsmiths made gold harder by mixing copper with it
People who breathed mercury fumes became confused
Reaction. Mercury was a poisonous metal that affected a persons nervous system
Gold, silver, and _______ are known as the coinage metals
Copper
The first metal mentioned in both the Old and New Testament is _______
Gold
True or false
A 14 carat gold ring is pure gold
False. Pure gold is 24 carats
True or false. Gold resists being beaten into thin layers
False. Gold is the most malleable of all metals which means it can be flattened very easily
True or false. Pure silver, unlike gold, is hard enough to resist daily wear
False. Silver is soft and mixed with copper to resist daily wear
Bronze and brass are both alloys that contain ______
Copper
Ancient people made musical instruments of ____
A copper alloy
The Statue of Liberty has a skin of _______
Copper
The seven ancient metals are gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead and ______
Mercury
Another name for mercury is _______
Quicksilver
True or false. A block of lead would float in a pool of mercury
True. Mercury is the heaviest metal, all lighter metals can float in it
The metal used in thermometers and barometers is _______
Mercury
The seven ancient planets (wanderers) are sun, moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mars, Saturn and ______
Mercury
The apostle Paul was compared to
Mercury, known as Hermes
Carbon and sulfur are A) metals; B) non-metals
Non-metals
The element known as brimstone is A) sulfur; B) bismuth
Sulfur
True or False. Sulfur is one if the ingredients in gun powder
True
Goodyear discovered vulcanized rubber when he A) added carbon to sulfur B) heated sulfur with raw rubber C) put rubber under intense pressure; D) treated rubber with sulfuric acid
B) heated sulfur with raw rubber
True or False. Goodyear made a vast fortune for his invention of vulcanized rubber
False. Everyone stole his idea
The single most important compound of sulfur is __________ acid
Sulfuric
Acid rain is due to (A. Carbon; B. Sulfur) being spewed into the atmosphere.
B. Sulphur
The element that charcoal, coal, graphite, and diamond have in common is ________.
Carbon
The one that is slick and can be used as a dry lubricant is (A. Graphite; B. Diamond)
Graphite
True or False, synthetic diamonds are fake diamonds and have none of the properties of natural ones
False, they are identical to natural ones
True or False. The primary goal of alchemists was to make gold from cheap metals
True
Science in Europe (A. Came to a standstill; B, made great strides) during the Middle Aged
A. Came to s standstill
The Middle Ages are also known as the ______ ages
Dark
True or False. The schools Robert Boyle attended taught from the latest books by Galileo and Copernicus
False. His schools only used ancient books
The invisible college was (A. A gathering of alchemists B) a gathering of experimental scientists C) devoted to a study of books by Ptolemy and Aristotle D) a school for poor students
B) a gathering of experimental scientists
An element (A. Can B. Cannot) be separated into simpler substances by chemical means
B cannot
The Royal Society was formed to A) buy scientific equipment B) communicate new ideas rapidly; C) help write better science textbooks D) teach the King about science
B. Communicate new ideas rapidly
Henry Cavendish would be described as A) shy or B) forward
A) shy
Cavendish released the gas hydrogen by exposing metals to A) ammonia B) hydrochloric acid C) carbon dioxide D) intense heat and pressure
B) hydrochloric acid
The name hydrogen means A) colorless B) lacking odor C) lighter than air D) water generator
D) Water generator
Electricity breaks water molecules into oxygen and A) hydrogen B) nitrogen
A) hydrogen
If a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen are exposed to a flame A) a violent explosion results B) electricity is generated C) the fire goes out D) the mixture becomes dry
A) a violent explosion results
True or False. Hydrogen is an abundant element on earth
True
The reason scientists give Joseph Priestly credit for discovering carbon dioxide is because Priestly (A. Had friends who were scientists B. Had political power C. Kept his discoveries secret until the right moment D. Published his thorough studies promptly
D. Published his thorough studies promptly
The gas that Priestly released by heating a mercury compound was (A. Carbon dioxide; B) hydrogen; C) nitrogen ; D) oxygen
D) oxygen
Oxygen makes up about (A. 1/5; B. 3/4; C.all ) of the atmosphere
A. 1/5
The chemical activity of oxygen is (A. High; B. Low)
A. High
The one that supports combustion is (A. Nitrogen B. Oxygen)
B oxygen
True or False. An oxygen-acetylene cutting torch can burn under water
True
Rusting of metals is an example of (A. Slow; B. Fast) oxidation
Slow
The element in the air that prevents fires from burning too quickly is (A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen)
B nitrogen
Give the chemical symbol _____ hydrogen _______ carbon ______ nitrogen ______ oxygen _____ chlorine
H. C. N. O. Cl.
State the chemical formula. ______ water. ______ carbon dioxide ________ hydrochloric acid
H20. CO2. HCl
