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Science > 3rd Quarter Chemistry > Flashcards

3rd Quarter Chemistry Flashcards

0
Q

Charcoal is ________

A

Wood that has been heated without oxygen

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1
Q

Ancient people hammered soft, pure iron from ______ into useful tools

A

Meteorites

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2
Q

True or false. The only purpose of carbon in smelting iron from its ore is so it will burn and supply heat

A

False. Carbon from charcoal frees iron from oxygens grip by combining with the oxygen.

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3
Q

Which form of iron is the purest?

A

Wrought iron

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4
Q

Cast iron is ______

A

Hard and brittle and can shatter if struck

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5
Q

Steel is quenched by _______

A

Heating it white hot and thrusting it into cold water

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6
Q

Cast iron, steel,and wrought iron differ only in the amount of _______ they contain.

A

Carbon

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7
Q

Rusting is a _________ oxidation

A

Slow

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8
Q

True or false. A tin can is made mostly of tin.

A

False. Mostly made of steel

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9
Q

What metal looks more like silver?

A

Pewter

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10
Q

True or false. Metals maintain their properties regardless of temperature

A

False. Tin becomes very week in the cold

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11
Q

What metal is more expensive, tin or aluminum?

A

Tin

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12
Q

Action

Ancient people had iron tools

A

Reaction

Meteorites fell to earth contains pure iron

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13
Q

Action

Iron resists efforts to remove it from its ore

A

Reaction

In a blast furnace, carbon in charcoal combined with oxygen in iron ore to free the pure metal

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14
Q

Action

The Scott expedition to the South Pole perished in a blizzard when their fuel cans were found empty.

A

Reaction

In extremely cold weather cans sealed with tin leaked their precious heating fuel

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15
Q

Action

Gold was the most prizes of the ancient metals

A

Reaction gold had a beautiful luster, did not tarnish, and could be formed into designs

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16
Q

Action

Gold was too soft for many purposes

A

Reaction. Goldsmiths made gold harder by mixing copper with it

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17
Q

People who breathed mercury fumes became confused

A

Reaction. Mercury was a poisonous metal that affected a persons nervous system

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18
Q

Gold, silver, and _______ are known as the coinage metals

A

Copper

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19
Q

The first metal mentioned in both the Old and New Testament is _______

A

Gold

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20
Q

True or false

A 14 carat gold ring is pure gold

A

False. Pure gold is 24 carats

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21
Q

True or false. Gold resists being beaten into thin layers

A

False. Gold is the most malleable of all metals which means it can be flattened very easily

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22
Q

True or false. Pure silver, unlike gold, is hard enough to resist daily wear

A

False. Silver is soft and mixed with copper to resist daily wear

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23
Q

Bronze and brass are both alloys that contain ______

A

Copper

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24
Q

Ancient people made musical instruments of ____

A

A copper alloy

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25
Q

The Statue of Liberty has a skin of _______

A

Copper

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26
Q

The seven ancient metals are gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead and ______

A

Mercury

27
Q

Another name for mercury is _______

A

Quicksilver

28
Q

True or false. A block of lead would float in a pool of mercury

A

True. Mercury is the heaviest metal, all lighter metals can float in it

29
Q

The metal used in thermometers and barometers is _______

A

Mercury

30
Q

The seven ancient planets (wanderers) are sun, moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mars, Saturn and ______

A

Mercury

31
Q

The apostle Paul was compared to

A

Mercury, known as Hermes

32
Q

Carbon and sulfur are A) metals; B) non-metals

A

Non-metals

33
Q

The element known as brimstone is A) sulfur; B) bismuth

A

Sulfur

34
Q

True or False. Sulfur is one if the ingredients in gun powder

A

True

35
Q

Goodyear discovered vulcanized rubber when he A) added carbon to sulfur B) heated sulfur with raw rubber C) put rubber under intense pressure; D) treated rubber with sulfuric acid

A

B) heated sulfur with raw rubber

36
Q

True or False. Goodyear made a vast fortune for his invention of vulcanized rubber

A

False. Everyone stole his idea

37
Q

The single most important compound of sulfur is __________ acid

A

Sulfuric

38
Q

Acid rain is due to (A. Carbon; B. Sulfur) being spewed into the atmosphere.

A

B. Sulphur

39
Q

The element that charcoal, coal, graphite, and diamond have in common is ________.

A

Carbon

40
Q

The one that is slick and can be used as a dry lubricant is (A. Graphite; B. Diamond)

A

Graphite

41
Q

True or False, synthetic diamonds are fake diamonds and have none of the properties of natural ones

A

False, they are identical to natural ones

42
Q

True or False. The primary goal of alchemists was to make gold from cheap metals

A

True

43
Q

Science in Europe (A. Came to a standstill; B, made great strides) during the Middle Aged

A

A. Came to s standstill

44
Q

The Middle Ages are also known as the ______ ages

A

Dark

45
Q

True or False. The schools Robert Boyle attended taught from the latest books by Galileo and Copernicus

A

False. His schools only used ancient books

46
Q

The invisible college was (A. A gathering of alchemists B) a gathering of experimental scientists C) devoted to a study of books by Ptolemy and Aristotle D) a school for poor students

A

B) a gathering of experimental scientists

47
Q

An element (A. Can B. Cannot) be separated into simpler substances by chemical means

A

B cannot

48
Q

The Royal Society was formed to A) buy scientific equipment B) communicate new ideas rapidly; C) help write better science textbooks D) teach the King about science

A

B. Communicate new ideas rapidly

49
Q

Henry Cavendish would be described as A) shy or B) forward

A

A) shy

50
Q

Cavendish released the gas hydrogen by exposing metals to A) ammonia B) hydrochloric acid C) carbon dioxide D) intense heat and pressure

A

B) hydrochloric acid

51
Q

The name hydrogen means A) colorless B) lacking odor C) lighter than air D) water generator

A

D) Water generator

52
Q

Electricity breaks water molecules into oxygen and A) hydrogen B) nitrogen

A

A) hydrogen

53
Q

If a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen are exposed to a flame A) a violent explosion results B) electricity is generated C) the fire goes out D) the mixture becomes dry

A

A) a violent explosion results

54
Q

True or False. Hydrogen is an abundant element on earth

A

True

55
Q

The reason scientists give Joseph Priestly credit for discovering carbon dioxide is because Priestly (A. Had friends who were scientists B. Had political power C. Kept his discoveries secret until the right moment D. Published his thorough studies promptly

A

D. Published his thorough studies promptly

56
Q

The gas that Priestly released by heating a mercury compound was (A. Carbon dioxide; B) hydrogen; C) nitrogen ; D) oxygen

A

D) oxygen

57
Q

Oxygen makes up about (A. 1/5; B. 3/4; C.all ) of the atmosphere

A

A. 1/5

58
Q

The chemical activity of oxygen is (A. High; B. Low)

A

A. High

59
Q

The one that supports combustion is (A. Nitrogen B. Oxygen)

A

B oxygen

60
Q

True or False. An oxygen-acetylene cutting torch can burn under water

A

True

61
Q

Rusting of metals is an example of (A. Slow; B. Fast) oxidation

A

Slow

62
Q

The element in the air that prevents fires from burning too quickly is (A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen)

A

B nitrogen

63
Q

Give the chemical symbol _____ hydrogen _______ carbon ______ nitrogen ______ oxygen _____ chlorine

A

H. C. N. O. Cl.

64
Q

State the chemical formula. ______ water. ______ carbon dioxide ________ hydrochloric acid

A

H20. CO2. HCl

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