(3rd Quarter) Cell Structures And Their Function Flashcards
All cells have three main parts, they are the ?
- Cell Membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Genetic Material
Cells found in animals and plants that contain a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles
Eukaryotic Cells/Eukaryotes
Cells found in unicellular organisms (like bacteria) without a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles
Prokaryotic Cells/Prokaryotes
- thin outer covering of the cell
- provides protection, allows materials in and out of the cell
- present in plants and animals
Cell Membrane
- gel-like fluid
- supports organelles inside the cell
- present in plants and animals
Cytoplasm
- ball-shaped
- control center of the cell
- present in plants and animals
Nucleus
- found inside the nucleus
- it produces ribosomes
- present in plants and animals
Nucleolus
- tiny strands inside the nucleolus
- it contains genetic material (DNA)
- present in plants and animals
Chromatin
- small particles
- it assembles amino acid and makes proteins
- present in plants and animals
Ribosome
- tubular systems/network tunnels
- serves as a passageway that carries proteins and other materials to other parts of the cell
- present in plants and animals
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- no ribosomes attached
- produces lipids/fats
- present in plants and animals
sER (smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
- with ribosomes attached
- present in plants and animals
rER (rough Endoplasmic Reticulum)
- flattened-stacks of tubes
- recieves, packages, transports and distributes materials like proteins
- present in plants and animals
Golgi Bodies
- fluid-filled pouch
- transports materials to the Golgi body and other organelles
- present in plants and animals
Vesicles
- bean-shaped
- powerhouse of the cell, it provides the energy needed by the cell
- present in plants and animals
Mitochondria
- rigid, tough covering/outer layer
- made up of cellulose (complex carbohydrate), provides support
- present only in plants
Cell wall
- large, open storage area
- stores water, food, wastes, and other materials
- present only in plants
Vacuole
- green bean-shaped structure
- captures sunlight and used it for photosynthesis to produce food in plants
Chloroplast
- garbage collectors
- has digestive enzymes that break down food and worn out cell parts
- present only in animals
Lysosome
- oxidative structure
- contains enzymes which act in oxidative reactions in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
- present only in plants
Peroxisome
- small hair-like structures
- used for movement of the cell
- present in plants and animals
Cilia
- long whip-like structures
- used for movement of the cell
- present in plants and animals
Flagella
- pair of circular cylinders near the nucleus
- important in cell division
- present only in animals
Centrioles
- round, oval or irregular bodies
- provides pigment to plants
- present only in plants
Plastids
- green pigment
- provides pigment to plants
- present only in plants
Chlorophyll
- 2 pigments: Carotenes (cream, white, yellow) Xanthophylls (bright yellow, brown) - provides pigment to plants - present only in plants
Chromoplastid
The basic structural unit and function of life
Cell