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GEOG > 3rd Exam > Flashcards

3rd Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Subsaharan africa populstion is

Growth Rate is

A

833 million

2.3%

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2
Q

Nigeria Population is

A

186 Million

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3
Q

A Plateu Continent

Landmass composed of
plateaus and bounded
escarpments (steep cliffs)

Almost the entire
continent lies above
1,000 feet in elevation

A

Africa’s Physiography

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4
Q

11,424 feet

A

Drakensburg Mountains

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5
Q

“Mountains of the Moon”

16,761 feet

A

Ruwenzori Mountains

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6
Q

The expansion or
intensification of areas
of degraded or
destroyed soil and
vegetation cover –
usually in arid and
semiarid environments

Main culprits –
climate change,
overgrazing,
overcultivation,
deforestation,
burning

A

Desertification

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7
Q

360,000 square miles

A

Kalahari Desert

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8
Q

The smoke that thunders

Mosi-o-tunya

A

Victoria falls

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9
Q

26,600 sq mile

Third Largest lake in the world

A

Lake Victoria

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10
Q

“The place where the land runs on forever.”

19,341 ft

A

Mt. Kilimanjaro

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11
Q

5,695 mi^2

A

Serengeti National Park

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12
Q

Concerned with the tracking of disease outbreaks to
identify their sources, detect their carriers, and
prevent their recurrence.

A

Medical Geography

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13
Q

-Exists in equilibrium with the population
- Many develop an immunity of sorts
- Saps energy, lowers resistance, shortens lives
- Hepatitis, venereal diseases, hookworm for this
region

A

Endemic

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14
Q

Sudden outbreak at local, regional scale

A

Epidemic

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15
Q

Worldwide Spread

A

Pandemic

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16
Q

bad air

300 million people are
affected globally

Criteria:
 Above 75 degrees
 Standing, shaded water

A

Malaria

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17
Q

75% of the world’s cases

Over 24 million

A

AIDS in Africa

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18
Q

37% urbanized = 319 million people

About 40 cities with more than a million people

Many live in informal settlements with
inadequate:

A

African cities

  • social services
  • sanitation
  • water supply
  • energy
  • waste disposal
  • shelter
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19
Q

“City of gold”

4 mil

Contains the biggest and busiest airport on the continent of Africa

World’s largest city not built on a coastline – or lake or river

A

Johannesburg, South Africa

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20
Q

is known as the country’s “Mother City.”

City had its origin in 1652.

A

Cape Town

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21
Q

World’s first heart transplant

A

1967

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22
Q

“The residence of peace“

4 million

Largest and most
populous Swahili
speaking city in the world

A

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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23
Q

21 million people

80% of Nigeria’s trade
goes through this city

Infamous for its traffic
and crime problems.

Average commute time
= 90 minutes

A

Lagos, Nigeria

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24
Q

Slums lack….

A
  1. Permanent Housing
  2. Sufficient Space
  3. Clean Water
  4. Sanitation
  5. Personal Safety
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25
Q

Beginning of European
domination

Exploitation
Gold Coast – Ghana
Ivory Coast – Cote d’Ivoire
Slave Coast – Nigeria and Benin

A

Advent of the Colonial Period

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26
Q

European states divided up Africa without
consideration of indigenous cultures

A

Berlin Conference 1884

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27
Q

Geographic separation of races

permission to enter
or live in white areas

imprisoned for 27 years

A

Apartheid

“Pass Laws”

Nelson Mandela

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28
Q

A state where government is so weak that it lacks legitimacy and control over its
territory, cannot provide public services, and corruption and crime dominate.

A

Failed State

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29
Q

On completion in 1972, it
was the eighth tallest
building in the world.

A

Transamerica Pyramid

30
Q

What is the first foreign country due south of Detroit, MI?

A

Canada

31
Q

Which state is America’s flattest, with a
difference of only 345 feet between its highest and lowest points?

A

Florida

32
Q

Other than Florida, which state bill themselves as the ‘Sunshine State?’

Also called The Coyote State and The Blizzard State

A

South Dakota

33
Q

Which state has the longest shoreline? (Excluding Alaska)

3,288 miles

A

Michigan

34
Q

The border between Canada and the United States is officially known as the

it is the world’s longest border between two countries.

A

International Boundary

35
Q

Canada’s National Sport

A

Ice hockey and Lacrosse

36
Q

Panoramic Skylines

A

New York
Toronto
Chicago

37
Q

Vast Suburban Expanses

A

Los Angeles
Houston
Dallas-Fort Worth

38
Q

Responsible for largest earthquakes

A

Subduction zones

39
Q

Extends from northern California to southern British Columbia

Deep earthquakes happen every 300 to
500 years

A

Subduction zone fault in Pacific Northwest

40
Q

20,310 feet

A

Alaska Range and Denali

41
Q

279 feet

A

Death Valley, CA

42
Q

14,440 feet

A

Mount Elbert

43
Q

Regions of the
Realm

A

Northeast
* North Atlantic
Coast
* French Canada
* Southeast
* Southwest
* West Coast
* Rocky Mountains
* Midwest
* Northern
Frontier

44
Q

Form the Core Region for
both countries
* 1/3 of both countries’
populations
* Extensive transportation
networks and facilities
* Corporate headquarters,
media centers, prestigious
universities
* Contains largest city and
capitals of both countries

A

Northeast

45
Q

Opened in 1825

A

Eerie Canal

46
Q

Difficult environments, maritime orientation, limited resources, & rural
character - slowed development

Economic focus:
Primary activities
Recreation
Tourism

A

North Atlantic Coast

47
Q

80% of this is caught and sold in the US are caught in Maine’s territorial water.

Once seen as a sign of poverty.

Declines after Civil War. Maine enacts law specifying minimum
size.

Codfish is the major natural predator of the this.

2022 - 120 million lbs of this are caught = $519 million

A

Lobster

48
Q

The southern portion of Quebec and neighboring New Brunswick

Economic prospects
overshadowed by bursts of nationalism

Tolerance for multiculturalism is
very low

A

French Canada

49
Q

Province with secessionist tendency

Culturally different (French-speaking)

1995 referendum → non!

Laws that reassure the primacy of Quebecois culture in the province
- Nation within the Canadian federation
- High degree of autonomy

French significant part of cultural landscape

A

The Quebec Question

50
Q

Most dynamic region in terms of change especially since
1970

  • Changing demographics
  • Booming economy
  • Poverty and income disparity
A

Southeast

51
Q

Metro = over 6 million
Connection to the rest of
the America’s.

A

Miami

52
Q

US-Mexican borderland
* Steppe and Desert
* A tri-cultural region
* Sunbelt
* Water issues

A

Southwest

53
Q

Pacific coastlands of the
conterminous U.S. and
SW Canada

Would constitute a core
in most parts of the
world

Contains most
productive agricultural
areas in California’s
Central Valley

Involvement in
economic growth with
countries across the
Pacific

Natural hazards

A

West Coast

54
Q

Remoteness, dryness, and sparse population typified region for long
time

  • Technology, sunny climates, open spaces, lower costs, & growing job
    opportunities.
  • Metropolises
    – Las Vegas
    – Denver
    – Salt Lake City
A

Rocky Mountains

55
Q

Center of conterminous U.S. and southern Canada

  • Tremendous agricultural
    productivity – Breadbasket
  • Corn and wheat belts
  • Declining Population
A

Midwest

56
Q

Opened in 1914

Shortens travel by 2 weeks

$1.9 billion in tolls

A

Panama Canal

57
Q

3,230 feet – Tallest in the World

A

Angel Falls

58
Q

269 feet high – 1.7 miles wide

A

Iguzu Falls

59
Q

Population:
~ 600 million
80% Urban
90% - AR, UY, VE
Decline in fertility rates
Cultural attitudes about
family size

Race:
Mulatto – European/African
Mestizo – European/Indian
Zambo – African/Indian
5 Million Slaves during Colonial
Period

A

Latin America

60
Q

Americas were mostly
wild and unmodified by
the human inhabitants.

50 Million living here
before European
contact.

A

Pristine Myth

61
Q

Refers to the interchange of crops, animals, people, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas that began with Columbus.

A

Columbian Exchange

62
Q

Source area from which radiated ideas,
innovations, and ideologies that
changed the world beyond

A

Cultural Hearths

63
Q

Produced skilled artists and scientists

Achieved a great deal in agriculture and trade

Domesticated the turkey and grew cacao

Developed writing systems

Studied astronomy

Decline from:
 Deforestation Climate Change
 Soil erosion
 Droughts
 Declining soil fertility

A

Maya Civilization

64
Q

Conquered territories to the east and south

Subjugated peoples and towns in order to extract taxes and tributes

Developed irrigation systems

Built elaborate walls to terrace slopes

Built islands in lake and wetland environments

Greatest contribution: corn, sweet potato, tomato, various
kinds of beans, squash,
and tobacco

A

Aztec Civilization

65
Q

Layout was mandated by this

Result is regularity in
city layout throughout
Spanish Middle and
South America

A

Spanish Colonial town

66
Q

Altiplanos were key to settlement patterns.
Fertile soils, reliable water supplies, building materials, and
natural protection
 20 million subjects at its peak
 Expert builders, manufacturers, farmers,
scholars and physicians
 Transportation networks and integration
efforts were very impressive and helped unify
their vast empire
 A highly centralized and advanced state

A

Inca Empire

67
Q

Went into effect
January 1, 1994

Established a trade
agreement between
Mexico, Canada and
the US, which:
Reduced and
regulated trade tariffs,
barriers, and quotas
between members
 Standardized finance
& service exchanges

A

North America Free Trade Agreement

68
Q

One of the world’s largest urban agglomerations

40% of GNP

Vivid social contrasts
 Magnificent plazas, superb museums, ultramodern skyscrapers,
and luxury shops
 500 established slums
 Lost Cities

Rampant crime –
corrupt police
 Environmental crises
 Water depletion
 Air pollution
 Geologic hazards

A

Mexico City

69
Q

Travel to wild and scenic
locations in ways that are
sensitive to local social and environmental concerns.

providers attempt to raise the environmental and cultural awareness of tourists, while supporting goals of natural conservation and sustainable local economic development.

A

Ecotourism

70
Q

tends to monopolize revenues- accommodations, meals,
entertainment – with
relatively few dollars
flowing into the local
economy.

A

Cruises

71
Q

Important ‘sink’
for greenhouses
gases

Critical rainfall
source

Brazil reduced forest loss
through removing incentives for land conversion, establishing
protected areas, and enforcing forest laws.

A

Amazon

72
Q

Clearing of rural lands to accommodate cattle and
export production of commodities

Logging of tropical forests to meet global demands for new housing, paper, and furniture

Population expansion: forests are cut to provide cropraising space and firewood

A

Tropical Deforestation

GEOG (4 decks)

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