3b.2 - Pendulums Flashcards
What does the time for one pendulum swing depend on?
Its length
What is the time period of the pendulum?
The time taken for the pendulum to swing from one side to the other and back again
What makes pendulums good for keeping time in clocks?
The time period for each swing of a given pendulum is always the same
How is time period calculated?
1 % frequency
What does the time period of a pendulum depend on?
It’s length
What does increasing the size of the pendulum string do to time period?
Increases it
What does decreasing the size of the pendulum string do to the time period?
Decreases it
What does virtually incompressible mean? (2)
- You can’t squash it
- Their volume and density stay the same
What does being incompressible allow liquids to do?
Transmit a force to all other points in the liquid
How is pressure transmitted in a liquid?
Equally in all directions
What is pressure measured in?
Pascals (Pa)
What is force measured in?
Newtons
What is the main use of pressure in liquids?
Hydraulics systems
What are hydraulic systems also used as?
Force multipliers
What is a force multiplier?
Something that uses a small force to produce a bigger force
How do hydraulic systems work? (4)
- Two pistons, each with a different cross-sectional area
- At the first piston, pressure is exerted using a small force
- Pressure transmitted to second piston
- The piston has a larger area (force = pressure x area), so there will be a larger force
What is constantly changing when a object is spun in a circle?
Velocity
What is velocity?
Both the speed and direction of an object
What is the centripetal force?
The resultant force that causes acceleration towards the centre of the circle
What is the centripetal force acting on a car as it goes around a bend?
Friction
What is the centripetal force acting on a bucket as it spun in a circle on a rope?
Tension in the rope
What does the centripetal force depend on?
- Mass
- Speed
- Radius
If an object moves faster what will happen to the centripetal force?
Increase to keep it moving in a circle
If the mass of the object increases what will happen to the centripetal force?
Bigger to keep it moving in a circle
If the circle the object travels in is reduced in size, what will happen to the centripetal force?
Increases as it has more turning to do
