3B/D - Biopsychosocial Model/ Sensitive And Critical Periods

Question 1

Biopsychosocial Approach Factors Definition

Answer 1

Bio - range of factors that relate to the physiological functioning of the body
Psych - range of factors that relate to functioning of the brain and mind
Social - range of factors that relate to the conditions in which people live and grow

Question 2

Protective Factors

Answer 2

Enhance or have a positive effect on the health of an individual
They prevent or decrease the likelihood of developing atypically or having a mental disorder

Question 3

Risk Factors

Answer 3

Impede or have a negative effect on the health of an individual
Increase the chance of developing atypically or having a mental disorder

Question 4

Mentally Healthy

Answer 4

Having no difficulty with activities of everyday living and displaying resilience
- high levels of functioning
- think logically and problem solve
- form positive relationships

Question 5

Mental Health Problems Vs Mental Disorder

Answer 5

MHP - relatively short-term disruptions that effect everyday functioning of an individual (can be considered a natural response to negative life events)
MD - one of a wide range of usually long-lasting conditions that effect mood, thinking and behaviour
- diagnosable against a set of criteria
- can lead to distress, dysfunction and deviance

Question 6

Biopsychosocial Factors Effecting Development/Mental Wellbeing

Answer 6

Bio - genetics, sex, hormones, immune function, sleep, nutrition
Psych - ways of thinking, attitudes and beliefs, emotions/emotional responses, personality traits
Social - family/relationship dynamics, access to education, level of income, social supports, experience of abuse or neglect

Question 7

Sensitive Periods

Answer 7

Certain periods in development that is optimum for a development individual to learn specific things
e.g - walk, talk and social skills
Start and end gradually, can be learnt again however it is more difficult and more time consuming and less successful

Question 8

Critical Periods

Answer 8

Very narrow period of time in development when it must have a particular experience in order for something very specific to be learned
Start and end abruptly and after period, cannot be learnt again
Human example is vision/light exposure in first few days

Question 9

Imprinting

Answer 9

Type of learning in which a very young animal fixes its attention on or attaches to the first moving object they see after they hatch from an egg

Question 10

Maturation

Answer 10

Is a genetically programmed process that governs growth
it is orderly and sequential developmental changes which occur in the nervous and other bodily systems