3.Advent of Europeans Flashcards
PYQ themes
-important cities/ports & who had their control? -> DONE
Ex:who occupied pondicherry first?
-Chronology of coming to india -> DONE
Ex:which power came last
-Foreign power & their first fort -> DONE
Ex:First fort of britishers was
-Foreign power & permission to set factory at particular place & king that gave permission.
Ex:EIC got permission to set factory at
-Important port/city & facts about them
Ex: Kochi was a Dutch colony till independence.
-facts related to entry of European into India
Ex:Capturing city,First factory ,leadership
-European powers & earliest factory places -> DONE
Ex: Dutch established at
-Indian king : european officer who met them
why europeans had to search sea-route to India?
- In 1453 Constantinople(modern day istanbul) fell to the Ottoman Turks -> mhanun ata vyapar via arab muslims
- Red sea trade route was state monopoly -> tax khup hota
-(i) Spirit of renaissance in the 15th-century Europe.
(ii) European economy growing rapidly, leading to prosperity and
demand for luxury goods; increase in the supply of meat
requiring spices for preservation.
(iii)Capture of Constantinople in 1453, and Syria and Egypt later
by the Ottoman Turks calling for a new route to reach India
without dealing with Arabs and Turks.
When vasco-de-gama arrived at calicut? nationality? contemporary ruler?
- 1498
- portugese
- Zamorin
Sequence of european coming to india?
1) Portuguese -> last to leave,1961,from goa,daman & diu
2) Dutch
3 English
4 Danes
5 French
Trick : Portugese DEaD as F**k
European powers & earliest factory places(not only first)?
1) Portugese : Calicut,cannanore
2) Dutch : 1st -> masulipatnam ; 1609 : Pulicat, north of Madras. Surat (1616), Bimlipatam (1641), Karaikal (1645), Chinsura (1653).
3) English :1st : surat(1613) ; 2nd:masulipatnam(1616)
4)Danes
Tranquebar near Tanjore
5)French :1st ->surat(1667) ; 2nd ->masulipatnam(1669) ;Mahe,
Karaikal, Balasore and Qasim Bazar
what was blue water policy (Cartaze system)?
naval trade license or pass issued by authority without which trade was prohibited. -> by portugese -> Francisco deh Almeida
facts related to entry of European into India
Ex:Capturing city,leadership
1.Portuguese
Goa : acquired from bijapur -> by alfonso
de albuquerque -> 1st indian territory
under europeans since alexander
2.Dutch
- English
- Danes
- French
Foreign power & their first fort
- Portuguese :cochin
- Dutch
- English
- Danes
- French
Foreign power & permission to set factory at particular place & king that gave permission.
1.Portuguese
a)bassein island(part of mumbai),Diu -> bahadur shah of
gujrat -> later refused
2.Dutch
3.English : Jahangir @ surat(1613);
jahangir to Thomas roe @ Agra, Ahmedabad , Broach;
Goloconda sultan -> trade freely in golocondan ports;
ruler of chandragiri @ Madras;
shah shuja -> trade in bengal;
Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar to john surman->privileges in Bengal, Gujarat & Hyderabad-> magna carta of company
4.Danes
5.French
-from Shaista Khan, the
Mughal subahdar of Bengal (who was transferred to bengal by aurangzeb from deccan due to defeat by chhatrapati), to establish a township at
Chandernagore near Calcutta
Territory
- Portuguese : Mumbai to Daman and Diu to the approaches to Gujarat, they controlled a narrow tract with four important ports and hundreds of towns and villages. In the south-> Mangalore, Cannanore, Cochin, and Calicut. And though their power in Malabar was not consolidated.San thome(chennai) , nagapatnam(andhra) ,hooghly
- Dutch
- English
- Danes
- French
which sultan invited learned priests from portugese goa in sept 1579? how many missions were sent?
- Akbar
- total 3 missions -> in 1579(@fatehpur sikri) ; in 1590 ; in 1595(@lahore)
Portugese lost surat to whom? when?
to english captain Best(ship - dragon) in 1612
why portugese lost favour with mughals?
- captured mughal ships
- lost all previleges under shah jahan
how portugese won & later lost hooghly
-got control by imperial farman -> monopolised salt manuf. -> started cruel trade by converting children in christianity -> @ 1632 mughal attacked hooghly
Reasons of decline of portugese
-Emergence of powerful dynasties in Egypt, Persia (modern day iran) and north India and
the appearance of the Marathas as neighbours;
- marathas captured salsette & bassein @1739
- cruel religious policies
- became sea pirates
- discovery of brazil,changed focus
- spain + portugal -> fought with england & holland
- Goa lost importance after fall of vijayanagara