3.7b - Other bottom-up strategies Flashcards
What is SPARC?
An Indian NGO that works with communities to build toilet blocks, connected to city sewers and water supplies
How does SPARC run its operations?
The local community helps to construct the toilet blocks and families from the community can then purchase monthly permits to use it
How costly are SPARC toilet blocks to use?
25 rupees per person - very cheap
Why are SPARC toilet blocks better than government ones?
Government - costly, badly designed
SPARC- lighting (safe to use at night), better designed, cheap,
What do the Hamara Foundation do?
Provides social-work services for street children to help them improve their health, education and job skills
How many people did the Hamara Foundation help in Mumbai during 2013 and 2014?
It supported 327 children in going to school
What does Agora Microfinance India do?
The company provides loans for people who want to improve their homes or invest in their existing businesses or micro-businesses
What are the individual loans’ max value?
£300
What is the interest rate and how often is it paid?
25%, paid in weekly instalments
SPARC
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
-Able to respond directly to community needs and involve the community in providing solutions
DISADVANTAGES
-It should be the governments responsibility to provide public toilets, not local communities
THE HAMARA FOUNDATION
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
-Able to concentrate funding and expertise to help street children
DISADVANTAGES
-Only very small numbers of street-children can be helped: 327 out of 200,000
AGORA MICROFINANCE INDIA
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
-A service that was impossible for the urban poor to access previously
DISADVANTAGES
-Interest rates are high, reducing the profits people can make
