3.7 Cell Injury And Fate Flashcards
Normal cell undergoes stress or increased demand
Adaptation
Normal cell unable to adapt
Cell injury or death
Normal cell undergoes injurious stimulus
Cell injury or death
Lethal cell injury
Produces cell death
Sublethal cell injury
Produces injury not amounting to cell death
May be evereinle or progress to cell death
Causes of cell injury
Oxygen deprivation
Chemical agents
Infectious agents
Immunological reactions
Genetic defects
Nutritional imbalance
Physical agents
Aging
Example of cell injury due to oxygen deprivation
Myocardial infarction (due to atherosclerosis)
What does the cellular response to injurious stimuli depend on
Type of injury
Duration
Severity
Consequences of injurious stimulus depend on
Type of cell
Its status (e.g. proliferating is more susceptible to cancer)
Which intracellular mechanisms are particularly vulnerable to cell injury
Cell membrane integrity
Ato generation
Protein synthesis
Integrity of genetic apparatus
What is lost before cell death
Cellular function
What occurs to an injured cell after loss of function
Morphological changes then death
Atrophy
Shrinkage in size of cell by loss of cell substance
Hypertrophy
Increase in cell size and consequently Inc in size of organ
Can be physiological or pathological
Causes of Hypertrophy
Increased functional demand or specific normal stimulation