3.7

Question 1

Making and using products may result in what?

Answer 1

Increased emissions is natural greenhouse gases into the atmosphere causing global warming

Question 2

Carbon dioxide

Answer 2

From the combustion of fossil fuels in vehicles and power stations

Question 3

Methane

Answer 3

From decomposition of rubbish in landfill sites and various forms of agriculture

Question 4

Nitrous oxide

Answer 4

From vehicle exhausts and power stations and as a result of increased use of nitrogen based fertilisers

Question 5

How increased greenhouse gases absorb more long-wave radiation from the earth and retain heat in the atmosphere
(3) (the greenhouse effect)

Answer 5

The radiation is re-radiated,which increases the average atmospheric temperature

Question 6

What is the greenhouse effect

Answer 6

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb long wavelength (infrared) radiation from the earths surface,keeping the energy in the atmosphere

Question 7

When does global warming occur?

Answer 7

When more radiation is absorbed than is emitted from the atmosphere.
It changes the climate

Question 8

Aim of the Kyoto agreement?

Answer 8

To stabilise global warming and prevent climate change

Question 9

Kyoto agreement-what so people agree to?

Answer 9

Reduce the amount of greenhouse gases they produce

Question 10

Agreement? Who refuses to sign?

Answer 10

Kyoto agreement

Australia and the USA

Question 11

Eutrophication

Answer 11

Fertilisers leach into lakes and rivers causing algae to grow on the surface.
•this prevents sunlight from reaching underneath therefore the plants die
•this causes bacteria to build up which uses up the oxygen in the lake therefore animals die

Question 12

What results in eutrophication?

Answer 12

The over use of fertilisers

Question 13

What are indicator species uses to monitor?

Answer 13

Changes in pollution levels

Question 14

What do water pollution indicator species changes monitor

Answer 14

High levels indicate high pollution levels

/ low oxygen levels

Question 15

Water pollution examples

4

Answer 15

Bloodworm
Water louse
Sludge worm
Rat-tailed maggot

Question 16

Air pollution example

Answer 16

Lichen

Question 17

How changes monitor pollution levels: lichen

Answer 17

Low levels indicate high levels of sulphur dioxide or ozone

Question 18

Photo degradable

Answer 18

Those that degrade after prolonged exposure to sunlight

Question 19

Oxo degradable

Answer 19

An additive helps rob break down the plastic,allowing access by microbes

Question 20

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) 
Why it degrades faster:

Answer 20

Water soluble,so break down in the environment

Question 21

under what conditions is methane formed?

Answer 21

when domestic kitchen waste and plants decay and when there is little air

Question 22

where is methane found

Answer 22

around water and swamps

Question 23

example of something that produces methane naturally (2)

Answer 23

bacteria that break down organic matter in wetlands

•bacteria that are found in farm animals

Question 24

what can the widespread and poor control of the use of animal waste as fertiliser lead to?

Answer 24

substantial emissions of nitrous oxide from agricultural soils

Question 25

what do biodegradable products break down into?

Answer 25

substances that may be useful (in compost e.g.)

Question 26

problem of partial breakdown of non-degradable products

Answer 26

take up space in landfill sites

•produces toxic materials that may leak into the environment