3.7/3.8 Key Words

Question 1

Periodicity

Answer 1

Repeating trend in properties

Question 2

Ionisation energy

Answer 2

Energy required to remove one electron from each particle in one mole of gaseous particles

Question 3

First ionisation energy

Answer 3

Energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions

Question 4

Second ionisation energy

Answer 4

Energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous 1+ ions to form one mole of gaseous 2+ ions

Question 5

Atomic radii

Answer 5

Distance between nucleus and outer electrons

Question 6

Electronic configuration

Answer 6

Arrangement of electrons in main energy levels, sub-shells and atomic orbitals

Question 7

Shielding

Answer 7

Inner electrons shells repel outer electron shells

Increases atomic radii and reduces electrostatic attraction experienced by outer electrons from nucleus

Question 8

Oxidation

Answer 8

Addition of oxygen
Loss of electrons
Increase in oxidation number

Question 9

Reduction

Answer 9

Removal of oxygen
Gain of electrons
Decrease in oxidation number

Question 10

Disproportionation

Answer 10

One atom of an element is oxidised, the other is reduced

Question 11

Thermal decomposition

Answer 11

Breaking down compounds by heating

Question 12

Displacement reaction

Answer 12

A more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

Question 13

Oxidation number

Answer 13

Ionic charge in a given compound with the sign in front of the number
+2 NOT 2+

Question 14

Redox reaction

Answer 14

Reduction and oxidation takes place in a reaction

Neutralisation is an example

Question 15

Precipitation reaction

Answer 15

An insoluble solid is formed from a solution
A change in state of an element or compound which separates it from the reaction mixture and allows it to be collected for industrial use