2.2/3 (Spec)

Question 1

Electron

Answer 1

Relative charge -1
Relative mass 1/1836
Orbit nucleus in shells

Question 2

Proton

Answer 2

Relative charge +1
Relative mass 1
Found in nucleus

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

Relative charge 0
Relative mass 1
Found in nucleus

Question 4

Isotope

Answer 4

Equal atomic number of stable isotope

Different mass number than stable isotope

Question 5

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 5

Mass of one atom of an isotope relative to 1/12th the mass of one atom of carbon-12

Question 6

Relative atomic mass

Answer 6

Weighted mean average of relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of an element relative to one atom of carbon-12

Question 7

Mass spectrometry function, process

Answer 7

Placed in spectrometer
Vapourised and ionised - positive ions
Ions accelerated - heavier ions - low speed
- lighter ions - high speed
Ions separated on speed/mass
Ions detected on mass spectrum as mass : charge (m/z)
High abundance, high signal

Question 8

Ionic charge

Answer 8

Group # = # valence electrons
Group 1 - 1+ ionic charge
Group 2 - 2+ ionic charge
Group 3 - 3+ ionic charge
Group 5 - 3- ionic charge
Group 6 - 2- ionic charge
Group 7 - 1- ionic charge
Zn2+ and Ag+ break this rule!

Question 9

State symbols

Answer 9

(g) - gaseous state
(l) - liquid state
(aq) - dissolved in aqueous solution
(s) - solid state

Question 10

Polyatomic ions

Answer 10

Ammonium (NH4)+
Hydroxide (OH)-
Nitrate (NO3)-
Nitrite (NO2)-
Hydrogencarbonate (HCO3)-
Manganate (VII) (MnO4)-
Carbonate (CO3)2-
Sulfate (SO4)2-
Sulfite (SO3)2-
Dichromate (VI) (Cr2O7)2-
Phosphate (PO4)3-

Question 11

Avogadro constant

Answer 11

6.02 x 10^23 
# of particles in one mole of carbon-12

Question 12

Ideal gas equation

Answer 12

pV = nRT 
p = pressure (Pa)
V = volume (m^3)
n = moles (mol)
R = ideal gas constant (8.314jK^-1mol^-1)
T = temperature (K)

Question 13

Concentration equation

Answer 13

moles/volume (dm^3)

Question 14

Percentage yield equation

Answer 14

actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%

Question 15

Atom economy equation

Answer 15

Mr(desired product)/Sum(Mr(All reactants) x 100%

Question 16

Stoichiometric ratio definition

Answer 16

Molar ratio